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Ch. 15
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the examples of local winds | land breezes, sea breezes, mountain breezes, and valley breezes |
| What are auroras and where are they found? | shimmering lights, found in the ionosphere |
| Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? | ultraviolet (UV) radiation |
| How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in the air? | 21% oxygen and less than 1% carbon dioxide |
| Which global wind blows away from the poles to the west? | polar easterlies |
| What are the two most abundant gases in the atmosphere? | oxygen and nitrogen |
| Describe air pressure | the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface. |
| What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? | altitude increases = lower air pressure altitude decreases = higher air pressure |
| Describe jet srteams | narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. |
| What is the greenhouse effect? | the process by which gases in the atmosphere, such as water vapor and carbon dioxide, absorb thermal energy and radiate it back to Earth. |
| Explain the 3 ways that heat is transfered | Radiation is the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. Thermal conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through a material. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas. |
| Where do trade winds flow toward? | 30 degrees latitude almost to the equator |
| What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? | winds traveling to the north curve to the east and winds traveling to the south curve west |
| Describe the doldrums | trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet in an area around the equator. doldrums mean "dull" or "sluggish" |
| What is the ozone layer? Where is it found? | layer of oxygen that absorbs most of the sun's ultraviolet rays. Found in the stratosphere. |
| Describe the thermosphere | the uppermost atmospheric layer. the coldest layer in the atmosphere |
| What is the most common atmospheric gas? | nitrogen |
| What parts of the earth cools faster and heats up faster? What does this Unequal heating create? | land |
| What is smog? | Polluted air that forms when sunlight reacts with ozone and exhaust. |
| Describe the movement of convection currents | cycle of warm air rising and cool air sinking causes a circular movement of air. |
| Which instrument measures air pressure? | barometer |
| What is significant about the troposphere? | weather forms hear |
| What kind of ways have humans created air pollution? | burning fossil fuels, exhaust, chemicals |
| What is another name for the distance above sea level? | altitude (elevation) |
| What are global winds? | combination of convection cells found at every 30 degrees of latitude and the Coriolis effect produces patterns of air circulation |
| What does the name of a wind tell you? | it tells you where its coming from |
| How much of the sun's energy actually reaches the earth? | two billionths |
| What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? | temperature |
| Which calm area is located around 30 degrees n/s latitude? | horse latitudes |
| What is the atmosphere? | a mixture of gases that surrounds Earth. |
| List the 3 global winds and the 2 calm areas? | Global Winds - Polar Easterlies, Westerlies , and Trade Winds Calm Areas - Horse Latitudes, Doldrums |
| What is Global Warming? | an increase in average global temperatures |
| If air mass increases what happens to density? | air mass increases= density increases |
| What type of winds blow over short distances? | local winds |
| How are all winds created? | unequal heating of the earth's surface |
Created by:
MORGANED30
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