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Ch.15
Study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the examples of local winds? | Sea breeze, land breeze, mountain breeze, and valley breeze |
| What are the Auroras and where are they found? | the auroras are shimmering lights called the northern lights and are found in the ionosphere |
| Our Ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? | UV rays |
| How much Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide is in our air? | 1% carbon dioxide including others and 21% oxygen. |
| Which Global wind blows away from the Poles to the west? | The Westerlies. |
| what are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? | oxygen and nitrogen. |
| describe air pressure. | measure of the force with by which air molecules push on a surface |
| what happens to air pressure as altitude increases? | the air pressure decreases. |
| describe jet streams. | jet streams are narrow bands of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. |
| what is the green house effect? | the process in which gases in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy. |
| explain the 3 ways that heat is transferred? | by convection radiation and conduction |
| where do trade winds flow toward? | the equator |
| what does the Coriolis effect make the winds do? | the Coriolis effect makes winds curve |
| Describe the doldrums? | doldrums are trade winds that meet at the equator and have very little wind. |
| what is the ozone layer? | a layer in the stratosphere that absorbs most of the harmful UV rays |
| Where is the Ozone layer found? | in the stratosphere. |
| describe the Thermosphere. | the thermosphere has the highest temperatures than all the layers in the atmosphere. the auroras are found here. |
| what is the most common atmospheric gas? | nitrogen |
| what parts of the Earth cools off faster and heats up faster? | land cools off the fastest |
| what does unequal heating create? | it creates winds |
| what is smog? | polluted air that forms when sunlight reacts with ozone and exhaust. |
| describe the movement of convection currents. | convection currents move like a cycle. the air heats up and flows to the top and then cools down, then sinks down then up then down then up then down etc. |
| which instrument measures air pressure? | a barometer |
| what is significant about the troposphere? | we live in it and weather occurs here |
| what kind of ways have humans created air pollution? | when we burn things the stuff we burn effects the air. |
| what is the name of the distance above sea level? | altitude or elevation |
| what are Global winds? | the combination of convection cells found at every 30 degrees latitude that move in a pattern because of the Coriolis effect |
| what does the name of a wind tell you? | the name of wind tells you where the wind is located and where it flows. |
| how much of the sun's energy actually reaches the earth? | billionth |
| what property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? | temperature |
| which calm area is located around 30 degrees north and south latitude? | horse latitudes |
| what is the atmosphere? | a mixture of gases that surround earth |
| list the three global winds and the 2 calm areas. | the calm areas are doldrums and horse latitudes. the three global winds are trade winds Westerlies and the polar easterlies |
| what is global warming? | it is the increase of changing temperature that is not the usual temp. |
| if air mass increases what happens to density? | it also increases with it |
| what type of winds blows over short distances? | local winds |
| how are all winds created? | by differences in air pressure |
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