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Ch. 15
study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the examples of local winds. | Mountain breezes and brezzes |
| What are the auroras and where are they found? | Auroras are ions that radiate energy as shimmering lights. They are found in the ionoshpere. |
| Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? | UV radiation |
| How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in our air? | 21% oxygen, 1% carbon dioxide |
| Which global wind blows away from the poles to the west? | polar easterlies |
| What are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? | Nitrogen and Oxgen |
| Describe air pressure. | Air pressure is the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface. |
| What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? | Air pressure decreases the farther away you are from the earth, it increases the closer you arae to the earth. |
| Describe jet streams. | Jet streams are narrow belts of high-speed winds in the upper part of the troposphere and lower stratosphere. |
| What is the greenhouse effect? | The greenhouse effect is the process by which gases in the atmosphere, such as water vapor and carbon dioxide, absorb thermal energy and radiate it back to Earth. |
| Explain the 3 ways that heat is transferred. | Heat can be transferred through convectioon, conduction, or radiation. |
| Where do trade winds flow toward? | equator |
| What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? | Make winds flow in curved paths instead of flowing straight. |
| Describe Doldrums. | Doldrums are trade winds that occur in the northern and southern hemisphere. |
| What is the ozone layer? Where is it found? | A layer of the atmosphere that absorbs harmful UV rays. It is found between the stratosphere and the mesosphere. |
| Describe the thermosphere. | The uppermost atmospheric layer is called the thermosphere. |
| What is the most common atmospheric gas? | nitrogen |
| What parts of the earth cool faster and heats up faster? What does this unequal heating create? | Land heats up faster than water and water cools faster than land. These create local wind. |
| What is smog? | A combination of smoke and fog. |
| Describe the movement of convection currents. | Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas. |
| Which instrument measures air pressure? | Barometer |
| What is significant about the troposphere? | It is the densest atmospheric layer. |
| What kind of ways have humans created air pollution? | transportation, industrial plants, or ventilation. |
| What is another name for the distance above sea level? | altitude |
| What are global winds? | The pattern of air circulation |
| What does the name of a wind tell you? | Where it comes from and how fast or slow it is. |
| How much of the sun's energy actually reaches the Earth? | 70% |
| What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? | temperature change |
| Which calm area is located around 30 degrees north and south latitude? | horse latitudes |
| What is the atmosphere? | A mixture of gases that surround the earth. |
| List the 3 global winds and 2 calm areas? | global- jet streams, polar easterlies, polar westerlies calm- mountain and valley breezes |
| What is global warming? | An increase in average global temperature. |
| If air mass increases what happens to density? | density increases |
| What type of winds blow over short distances? | local winds |
| How are winds created? | differences in air pressure |
Created by:
200320744
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