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8th Grade Science

Vocabulary: Plate Tectonic

TermDefinition
plate tectonics theory that states that the Earth's surface is made of rigid slabs of rock, or plates, that move with respect to each other
asthenosphere partially melted (plastic) layer that lies just beneath the lithosphere
continental drift theory that suggests that the earth's continents are in constant motion on the surface of the earth
convection the circulation of a material caused by differences in temperature and density
convergent boundary where two plates collide
divergent boundary boundary where two plates are moving away from one another
epicenter point on the surface, directly above the focus
focus the location, under the surface of the earth, where an earthquake occurs
hot spot a place in the middle of a plate where the mantle is very hot and the crust is very thin (volcanoes often can be found here)
lithosphere Earth's cold and rigid outermost rock layer
magnetic reversal an event that causes a magnetic field to reverse direction (can be recorded in the rocks)
mid-ocean ridge under-sea mountain ranges that mark diverging boundaries (ex. Mid-Atlantic Ridge)
pangaea the super-continent that was made of all of the current day continents put together
seafloor spreading the process by which new oceanic crust forms along a mid-ocean ridge and old oceanic crust moves away from the ridge
seismograph instrument used to measure the strength of earthquakes
subduction the process that occurs when one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate (occurs at convergent boundaries)
transform boundary boundary where two plates are moving along side each other in opposite directions
trench a very deep, underwater ditch created at a convergent plate boundary
uplift the upward vertical motion of Earth's surface
viscosity a measurement of a liquid's resistance to flow (high viscosity means it is thick and low viscosity means itis runny)
Created by: HOMSSeminar
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