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Ch 8 Earth's Past
Geological Formations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rock Cycle | The process where rocks can change into either sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous rock |
| Metamorphic Rock | When rock changes into another type of rock because of intense heat and pressure. Almost melts. |
| Sedimentary Rock | Rock that forms from small pieces of rock cemented together by intense pressure. Fossils are found in this rock. |
| Igneous Rock | Rock formed after it has melted and the magma has cooled. |
| Extrusive Igneous Rock | Magma that has cooled on the surface of the Earth |
| Intrusive Igneous Rock | Magma that has cooled inside the Earth |
| Folded Rock | Rock formations that have been squeezed and bent from intense pressure |
| Tilted Rock | Rock formations that have pushed up on one side and lowered on the other |
| Unconformity | When rock layers are eroded away and then other sediments are laid down on top. |
| Erosion | The removal of rock and sediments, by water, wind, or other processes |
| Superposition | The idea that younger rock layers are on top of older rock layers |
| Magma Intrusion | Molten rock that has made its way through a crack in other rock and has cooled either on the surface or below the surface |
| Fault | Boundary where rock formations push against each other and stress cause the rock to break and shift, usually resulting in an earthquake |
| Relative Dating | A way determining approximate ages of rocks, fossil or geological events |
| Catastrophism | Sudden geological events that change the Earth's surface |
| Uniformitarianism | Very slow geological events that happen over millions of years to change the Earth's surface |
| Anticline | A folded rock formation that goes up |
| Syncline | A folded rock formation that goes down |