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DNA Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Double helix | The twisted ladder shape of DNA molecules |
Rosalind Franklin | Scientist who discovered the shape of DNA using x-ray technology |
Cytosine | The nitrogen base that pairs with Guanine |
DNA | The large nucleic acid found in the nucleus; carries the code of life |
Watson & Crick | Scientists who created the first model of DNA |
RNA | The nucleic acid that reads the DNA code & uses the instructions to make proteins |
Gene | A segment of DNA that codes for a trait |
Amino acid | The building blocks of proteins |
Protein | The material used to make cells & tissues; it is also used as enzymes |
Nitrogen bases | The “rungs” or steps of the ladder which make up DNA; held together with hydrogen bonds |
Thymine | The nitrogen base that pairs with adenine |
Trait | A characteristic of an organism as determined by its genes |
Guanine | The nitrogen base that pairs with cytosine |
Adenine | The nitrogen base that pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA |
Nucleotides | The building blocks of DNA; made up of a sugar, nitrogen base, & phosphate group |
Deoxyribose | The sugar found in DNA |
Ribose | The sugar found in RNA |
Phosphate group | The part of the backbone of DNA that does not have bases attached |
Complementary base pairs | The opposite strands of DNA as determined by its base pairs |
Replication | The process of copying the DNA in a cell |
Uracil | The nitrogen base that pairs with adenine in RNA |
Hydrogen bonds | Weak bond that holds the nitrogen bases together in DNA |