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zoo141 ch.8

articulations

QuestionAnswer
fibrous joints, SYNDESMOSIS joint in which bones are connected by ligaments
cartilaginous joints, SYMPHYSIS bones are joined my fibrous cartilage
cartilaginous joints, SYNCHONDROSIS bones are joined by hyaline cartilage
bony fusion joint, SYNOSTOSIS separate bones become fused
joint cavity contains synovial fluid
menisci articular disks, fibrous cartilage pads between articulating bones
bursa pocket filled with synovial fluid
fat pads adipose tissue masses covered by synovial membrane
gliding intercarpal, intertarsal
hinge elbow, knee, ankle, interphalageal
pivot atlas,/axis, proximal radio-ulnar
ellipsoid radocarpal, metacarpophalangeal 2-5
saddle first carpometacarpal
ball and socket shoulder, hip
flexion decreases angle between articulating elements, in anterior-posterior plane
extension increases angle between articulating elements, in anterior-posterior plane
dorsiflexion flexion at ankle
plantar flexion extension at ankle
abduction movement away from longitudinal axis of body in frontal plane
adduction movement toward longitudinal axis of body in frontal plane
medial internal rotation anterior surface of limb turns toward trunk
lateral external rotation anterior surface of limb turns away from trunk
protraction movement of a body part anteriorly in the horizontal plane
retraction movement of a body part posteriorly in the horizontal plane
inversion movement in which the sole is turned inward
eversion movement in which the sole is turned outward
depression movement of a body part in an inferior direction
elevation movement of a body part in a superior direction
annulus fibrosus outer layer of fibrous cartilage
nucleus pulposus gelatinous core
slipped disk nucleus pulposus distorts annulus fubrosus
herniated disk nucleus pulposus breaks though annulus fibrosus
osteopenia inadequate ossification
osteoporosis reduction in bone mass is sufficient to compromise normal function
shoulder joint glenohumeral joint
glenoid labrum increases extent of glenoid cavity
acetabular labrum fibrous cartilage rim that increases depth of joint cavity
ligamentum teres ligament of femoral head, attaches to fovea capitis
elbow joint humeroradial + humeroulnar joints
radial collateral ligament stabilizes lateral surface of joint
ulnar collateral ligament stabilizes medial surface of joint
annular ligament binds head of radius to ulna
lateral and medial menisci pair of fibrous cartilage pads
popliteal ligaments reinforce rear of joint
fibular collateral ligament provides lateral support
tibial collateral ligament provides medial support
anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments cross inside joint capsule
osteoarhritis degenerative joint disease
Created by: btuehara
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