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Homeostasis
internal temperature regulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Homeostasis | maintenance of a constant internal environment |
| too hot | hyperthermia, enzymes denature |
| too cold | hypothermia, enzymes are too slow |
| Functions of the skin | protect against friction damage, UV and pathogens, produces vitimin D, waterproofs the body and allows sensitivity to surroundings |
| dead layer of skin | epidermis |
| living layer of skin | dermis |
| protein found in skin | keratin |
| ectotherms | maintain body temperature from external surroundings. eg lizards |
| endotherms | use metabolism to generate heat. eg mammels |
| how does metabolism generate heat? | muscle contractions shivering cell reactions |
| Where else do we get heat from? | hot food and drink sunbathing |
| sunbathing lizard | basking |
| How is metabolic rate controlled | thyroxin from the thyroxid gland |
| CONDUCTION | lose warmth to stuff u are in contact with |
| CONVECTION | lose heat to surrounding air which rises |
| RADIATION | body heat warms stuff without touching them |
| EVAPORATION OF SWEAT | sweat evaporates taking heat energy away from the body |
| too hot | radiation, vaso dilation of superficial capillaries, sweat MORE |
| too cold | vasoconstriction of superficial capillaries, release energy from food, shivering uses energy |
| What is thermoregulation controlled by | hypothalmus |
| Where are temperature receptors found? | skin and around internal organs |
| Where do the receptors send there impulses? | hypothalmus |
| Where does the hypothalamus send impulses? | blood vessels, muscles and sweat glands of the skin |
| What is this an example of? | NEGATIVE FEEDBACK |
| What does the sympthetic nervous system control? | sweat glands and diameter of the arterioles |