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Geology vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| volcano | a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust. |
| crater | the top opening of a volcano. |
| vent | an opening through which the molten material escapes |
| magma | molten material beneath the surface. |
| Lava | Molten material that has found its way to the surface. |
| normal fault | faults caused by tension forces. |
| reverse fault | faults caused by compression forces. |
| strike slip fault | caused by shearing forces. |
| tension | forces that pull rocks apart |
| compression | forces that push or squeeze rocks together |
| shearing | forces that cause rocks on either side of faults to push in opposite directions. |
| folded mountains | Fold mountains are mountain ranges that are formed when two of the tectonic plates that make up the Earth's crust push together at their border. |