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JC GEOG
rock soils mining junior cert
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| igneous | granite, basalt-from magma cooling |
| sedimentary | limestone,sandstone-sediments become rock after great pressure |
| metamorphic | quartzite,marble - changed under great heat and pressure |
| bricks, cement, coal, iron ore | items made from rock |
| shaft mining | mining under the ground |
| open cast mining | surface mining |
| soil profile | what soil is made up of |
| podzols | grey colour mountain areas ,coniferous forest |
| peat soil | from bog |
| brown soil | midland of Ireland. good suply of humus deciduous |
| laterite | tropical red soil |
| soil erosion | soil being removed by human activity |
| deforestation | removing forests |
| overcropping | soil being over used |
| overgrazing | too many animals on soil soil is bare and subject to erosion |
| soil conservation | using soil correctly |
| contour ploughing | ploughing around the edge of hill |
| shelter belts | trees set to shelter crops |
| basalt | igneous rock, giant's causeway Antrim |
| quartzite | igneous rock, co Wiclow |
| marble | metamorphic rock ,Connemara |
| sandstone | sedimentary rock, Cork ,Kerry Mountains |
| limestone | sedimentary rock, Burren Co Clare |
| minerals | chemical compounds in soil |
| humus | dead plant matter, enriches soil |
| micro organisms | bacteria that break down plant litter |