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Natural Selection
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adaptation | Any heritable trait that suits an organism to its natural function role in the environment |
| Adaptive Radiation | Divergent evolution-formation of a large number of species to occupy different niches |
| Artificial selection | Process that occurs when humans choose individuals that will parent the next generation |
| Coevolution | When two or more species have evolved adaptations to each others influence |
| Convergent evolution | Process by which different species evolve similar traits |
| Divergent evolution | Descendants of a single ancestor diversify into species that each fit different parts of the environment |
| Evolution | Change in inherited characteristics in a population over several generations |
| Extinct | Death of entire species, no individuals are left alive |
| Fitness | Traits that make an organism better able to survive and reproduce |
| Geographical isolation | Isolation of a species population by some kind of physical barrier |
| Natural selection | Favorable traits become more common in a population. Organisms with traits well suited for the environment survive and reproduce |
| Sequential evolution | When a species accumulates genetic changes over time that results in a new species |
| Natural selection requires four factors | Potential for population to increase, genetic variation, competition for resources, proliferation of those organisms better able to survive and reproduce |
| What happens when a species inhabits two different environments | They will become increasingly different, adapt to their own environment, divergent evolution |
| What causes competition within a species | Over production, limited resources |
| For a trait to be considered favorable what must it help the organism do? | Survive and reproduce |
| Two types of barriers that isolate populations | Geographical and reproductive |
| Example of geographical barriers | Oceans,rivers, highways, mountains, ice, desert |
| Example of reproductive barrier | Difference in structure, mating season, mating rituals |
| If a flock of birds gets separated during a storm, and one group lands at the intended destination, the other at an isolated island where they evolve to thrive on said island, one original species has evolved into two. | Divergent evolution |
| When two or more unrelated species develop similar traits, like when the forearms of birds and bats evolved into wings over time. | Convergent evolution |
| The pollination of orchids by African moths, the moths are dependent on the flowers for nectar and the flowers are dependent on the moths to spread their pollen so they can reproduce. this has led to deep flowers and moths with long probosci. | coevolution |
| The grey wolf lives in an area with less snow. Thus their fur needs to be darker. The artic wolf on the other hand lives where the land is constantly covered in snow. It needs to be white. | Divergen |
| The shark and the whale, both of these animals live in the water. However the shark has gills while the whale breaths air. | Convergent |
| The platypus and the duck, these two share the odd beak. One a mammal and one a bird. | Convergent |
| The moth and the butterfly are both very similar insects. The moth is nocturnal while the butterfly isn’t. This causes them to have different colors. Since the moth is active at night, it has more dull colors while the butterfly is more bright. | Divergent |
Created by:
kathy.holtkamp
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