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6 Science Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| visible spectrum | the color sequence (red,orange, yellow, green, blue and violet) that appears when white lights is passed through a prism |
| magnetic field | a region in which certain objects are attracted or repelled by the magnet |
| electric field | a region in which certain objects may be attracted or repelled by an electric force |
| wave | a movement of energy from one place to another |
| oscillation | a back and forth motion that repeatedly follows the same path |
| crest | the high point of a wave |
| trough | the lowpoint of a wave |
| medium | the term for whatever carries a wave |
| electromagnetic wave | a wave consisting of an electric field and a magnetic field vibrating at right angles to each other |
| speed of light | the speed at which electromagnetic waves travel (in a vacuum), epual to 186,000 miles per second |
| frequency | how fast a wave oscillates |
| wavelength | the length of one complete wave or cycle of oscillation (measured from crest to crest or trough to trough) |
| electromagnetic spectrum | an arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to frequency and wavelength |
| pulsars | stars that produce rapid bursts of radio waves |
| astronaut | a person who jouneys into space |
| satellite | any object that orbits a larger object |
| space station | a structure in space in which people can live and work for weeks or months at a time |
| geostationary orbit | an orbit in which a satellite follows the direction of the earth's rotation in such a way that it stays in the same location in the sky |
| polar orbit | an orbit in which a satellite travels perpendicular to the equator, passing over the polar regions as it circles the earth |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | the most famous network of navigational satellites |
| space probe | an unmanned spacecraft that is launched specifically to explore the unknown |
| Sir Isaac Newton | discovered that light is a combinttion of many colors; discovered laws of motion |
| James Clark Maxwell | discovered electromagnetic waves; realized that light is a type of electromagnetic wave |
| Galileo | the first astronomer to make extensive use of a telescope in his study of the heavens; made many important discoveries |
| Robert H. Goddard | called the "Father of Modern Rocketry"; built and launched the first liquid-fueled rocket |
| Wernher von Braun | helped make the United States the world leader in space exploration; developed the rocket used to carry men to the moon |
| Yuri Gagarin | the first person to travel in space |
| Alan Shephard | the first American to travel in space |
| John Glenn | the first American to orbit the earth |
| Valentina Tereshkova | the first woman to fly in space |
| Neil Armstrong | the first human being to set foot on the surface of the moon |
| William and Caroline Herschel | discovered the planet Uranus |
| telescope | a device that makes distant objects appear cleared or closer |
| reflection | the turning back or turning aside of any wave when it hits an obstacle |
| refraction | the bending of any wave's direction at the boundary between two wave media |
| refraction telescope | a type of telescope that uses lenses to gather light and form an object |
| reflecting telescope | a type of telescope that uses mirrors to produce an image |
| Hubble space telescope | a reflecting telescope with an 8-foot-wide main mirror launched into orbit arounf the earth in 1990 |
| spectroscope | a special device that can split light into a spectrum for analysis |
| radio telescope | an instrument that collects radio waves from space |
| Communications satellite | relay siganls to other satellites; provide direct phone, Internet, and e-mail service anywhere on eath; relay telephone conversations and TV broadcasts |
| weather satellite | provide photographs of cloud patterns; measure cloud and ground temperatures; measure cloud heights, wind speeds and relative humidity |
| navigational satellites | GPS allows boaters, pilots, and hikers to pinpoint their position; GPS are so so small they can be placed in a cell phone or wrist watch |
| earth observation satellite | make maps; survey cities; spot forest fires; plot the terrain of the ocean floor; help discover deposits of coal, oil, or valuable ores |
| military satellites | scan the earth for missile launches or large explosions; photograph foreign military installations; monitor the movements of enemy ships, planes, and tanks |
| astronomical satellites | Hubble space telescope; detect x-rays; measure distances to nearby stars; study the sun |
| Mercury | the closest planet to the sun; the speediest planet |
| Venus | sometimes called the morning star or evening planet; hottest planet in our solar system |
| Mars | often called the red planet; has two moons (Phobos and Deimos) |
| Jupiter | largest planet in our solar system; has a huge strorm known as the Great Red Spot |
| Saturn | has the most glorious rings of any planet in our solar system |
| Uranus | discovered by William and Caroline Herschel; entire system is turned on its side |
| Neptune | beautiful royal blue color; largest moon is named Triton; has the strongest winds measured anywhere in the solar system |
| Ganymede | largest moon in the solar system (bigger that Mercury); largest moon of Jupiter |
| Titan | largest moon of Saturn; has its own atmosphere |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
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