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BMMS 6Science Ch 6
BMMS Science Ch 6 - Volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| volcano | a weak spot in the crust where molten material, magma, comes to the surface |
| magma | a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle |
| Ring of Fire | major volcanic belt formed by the many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean |
| island arc | string of islands formed by vocanoes produced by a colliding boundary |
| hot spot | an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma |
| magma chamber | a spot where magma collects below a volcano |
| pipe | a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to the Earth's surface |
| vent | an opening where molten rock and gas leave a volcano |
| lava flow | area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent |
| crater | bowl-shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around a central vent |
| silica | material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon |
| pyroclastic flow | a type of explosive eruption that hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders and bombs |
| dormant | a sleeping volcano, experts expect dormant volcanoes to awaken and become active |
| extinct | a dead volcano, not likely to erupt again |
| geyser | a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground |
| shield volcano | thin layers of lava that have poured out of a vent and hardened, creating a wide, gently sloping mountain |
| cinder cone | ash, cinders and bombs that form a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain |
| composite volcano | tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lavea alternate with layers of ash |
| caldera | hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain |
| volcanic neck | forms when magma hardens in a volcanic pipe |
| dike | magma that forces itself across, or between, layers of rock and then hardens |
| sill | magma that has forced itself between horizontal layers of rock |
| intrusion | forms when magma hardens underground to form igneous rock |
| batholith | a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust |
| basin | broad, bowl-shaped valley |
| Central Valley | huge basin with the Sierras and Coast ranges on either side |
| lava | Liquid magma that has reached the surface |
Created by:
mrpowers
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