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Science Test
Weathering and Soil
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main difference between weathering and erosion? | Weathering is the process of rocks breaking down and erosion is the process of rocks getting moved. |
| What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering? | Mechanical weathering is the Physical breaking down of rock and Chemical is the breaking down of rocks from chemical weathering. |
| What are the agents of mechanical weathering? | Abrasion, Freezing and Thawing, Heating and Cooling, Animal Actions and Plant Growth |
| What is Abrasion? | Abrasion is the grinding away of rock particles by other rock particles carries by wind, water, or ice. |
| What is Freezing and Thawing? | Freezing and Thawing is when water freezes in a crack of a rock, the water expands and makes the crack larger. This will happen over and over again until the rock eventually breaks. This process is also called ice wedging |
| What is Heating and Cooling? | Heating and Cooling occurs when rock can be heated by the sun very quickly and it might start to flake. Rain can quicken this process by cooling the rock fast and casing it to crack. |
| What is Animal Actions? | Animal Actions is when animals that dig in the soil can loosen and break apart rock while they are digging. |
| What is Plant Growth? | Plant Growth is when roots of plants may enter cracks in rock, as they grow they can make the crack in the rock larger and even break it over time. |
| What is Humus? | Usually either the color black or brown; material in soil this is formed by plants and animals rotting away. |
| What are agents of chemical weathering? | Water, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Living Organisms and Acid Rain |
| What does water do? | Water is the most important agent of chemical weathering because it can dissolve almost anything over time, even rock. That is why water is known as the universal solvent because it can dissolve so many things. |
| What does oxygen do? | Oxygen plus water can lead to some rocks and metals rusting in a process known as oxidation. |
| What does carbon dioxide do? | If carbon dioxide dissolves in water it can produce a weak acid that will weather some rock. |
| What does living organisms do? | Some plants roots produce week acids that help break down rock as they grow. |
| What does Acid Rain do? | Air pollution can cause acids to form in clouds which produce acid rain, which can break down rock. |
| What are the soil Horizons? | Litter, Horizon A (Topsoil), Horizon B (Subsoil), Horizon C, Bedrock |
| What is Litter? | This layer forms above the mineral soil; combined with plant and animal residuce |
Created by:
16bsoranno
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