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Weathering and Soil

QuestionAnswer
What is weathering? The breaking down of rock or other mineral on Earth's surface
What is erosion? The moving of broken down rock particles by wind, water, or ice
What is mechanical weathering? When rock is broken down physically
What are the types of mechanical weathering? Abrasion,heating and cooling, freezing and thawing, animal actions,and plant growth
What is chemical weathering? When rock is broken down because of chemical changes
What are the types of chemical weathering? Oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, living organisms and acid rain
What is abrasion? The grinding away of rock particles by other rock particles. Carried away by ice, water, or wind
What is freezing and thawing? When water gets in the crack of a rock it freezes and expands, making the crack in the rock larger
What is heating and cooling? Rock starts to flake after being very hot in the sun. When rain falls it cools the rock fast causing it to crack
What is animal actions? When animals dig in the soil they can loosen or break apart rock while they are digging
What is plant growth? Plant roots enter the crack of a rock. When the roots grow they can crack the rock making it break over time.
What does water do in chemical weathering? It is the most important agent.It can dissolve anything over time
What does oxygen do in chemical weathering? Oxygen plus water leads to some rocks and metals rusting in a process called oxidation
What does carbon dioxide do in chemical weathering? If it rusts in water it can produce a weak acid that will weather some rock
What does living organisms do in chemical weathering? Some plant roots can produce a weak acids that will weather some rocks
What does acid rain do in chemical weathering? Pollution in the air can cause acid to form in clouds. The clouds produce acid rain which can weather some rock
How do you determine how fast something will weather? The types of rock and climate
What makes a rock weather faster? If it has a lot of holes, or openings (permeable)
What are the layers of soil? Horizon A (topsoil), Horizon B (subsoil), Horizon C (partially weathered rock), Bedrock (non-weathered rock below Earth's surface)
True or False: Soil is one or Earth's most valuable resources? True
True or False: Erosion can't cause loss of soil? False
True or False:You can't exhaust soil by over-farming it? False
What is Contour Plowing? Farmers plow their fields along the curve of slope.This helps slow runoff and it keeps soil from washing away. It also helps prevent erosion
What is Conservation Plowing? Plowing that unsettles the soil and plant cover as little as possible. It also keeps the soil from washing or blowing away.
Created by: julialupi1
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