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Science Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Electromagnetic force | makes protons repel each other |
| Strong Nuclear force | holds the protons and neutrons together |
| Half Life | the time it takes for half the nuclei of a radioactive element to decay |
| Particle Accelerator | equipment that speeds up subatomic particles |
| Alpha Particle | helium nucleus |
| Hahn-Strassman | attempted to create larger atoms by bombarding uranium nuclei with neutrons |
| Einstein | E=MC^2, his contribution to nuclear physics |
| Gamma Rays | dangerous cancer causing, cell decay radiation |
| Fission | larger nuclei split into smaller nuclei |
| Fusion | smaller nuclei join to become larger nuclei |
| Tracers | radioactive isotopes that are tracked as they move through biological systems |
| transmutation | changing an atom of one element into an atom of another element |
| Fat man/little boy | names given to first two nuclear weapons dropped in warfare |
| Lize Meitner | helped to explain Barium being made by Uranium bombarded by neutrons |
| deuterium | hydrogen atom with 1 neutron |
| Last element on the chart with a stable nucleus. | #82 lead |
| order the forces from strongest to weakest. | strong nuclear force, electromagnetic force, gravity |
| name the particles which make up an alpha particle. | 2 neutrons and 2 protons |
| Carbon-14 is an unstable isotope of Carbon. Which of the following is true of Carbon-14? | It will transmute to become stable, It contains 8 neutrons, It is radioactive |
| Two factors affect the stability of a nucleus to determine if it will be stable or not. Which answer has the correct two? | size of the nucleus; proton-neutron ratio in the nucleus |
| Which of the following interactions would NOT be affected by the strong nuclear force? | electron and electron |
| Because our sun has several different isotopes of the element -------, there are several possible fusion reactions in the sun. | hydrogen |
| One way to control fission chain reactions is to use materials that absorb ------. | neutrons |
| Gold-198 has a half-life of 64.8 days. If you had 4 grams of Gold-196, about how much would you have left after 65 days? | 2 grams |
| the source of the suns energy is -----. | nuclear fusion |
| Fission and Fusion both ------. | release energy |
| Two cities that the U.S. Bombed with nuclear weapons at the end of WWII. | Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
| When a nucleus changes by converting a neutron into a proton and an electron and then it shoots out the electron it is called ------. | beta decay |
| the half-life of Polonium-210 is 140 days. If you start with 200 grams of Polonium-210 and you leave it for 420 days, how much do you have left? | 25 grams |
| When scientist purposely cause changes in the nucleus of an atom this is called -----. | artificial transmutation |
| Name a particle that can be shot into a nucleus to cause transmutation | alpha particle, proton, neutron |
| Any element above this number is a synthetic (man made) element. | 92 |
| which radioactive element has been found to be useful in small quantities in smoke detectors? | americium |
| Which of the following is NOT associated with particle accelerators? | super heated magnets |
| A Uranium-235 nucleus splits into a barium-141 nucleus and a ----- -92 nucleus. | krypton |
| Which radioactive element was used to create the green jelly stuff in the movie "The Manhattan Project"? | plutonium |
| Uranium-238 has a half life of 4.5 X 10^9 years. Which of the following is NOT true of this radioactive isotope? | it could be used to diagnose medical problems |
| what tipped off Paul from the movie that the Medatomic Corp. was dealing with radioactive material? | he found a bunch of 5 leaf clovers |
| more energy is released in a ------ reaction. | fusion |
| the worst nuclear power plant accident in history took place in -------. | Chernobyl, Russia |
| In nuclear fusion three isotopes of element #1 are involved. Which of the following are those three? | deuterium, tritium, hydrogen |
| What is currently done with high-level, high risk radioactive waste? | buried deep underground |
| How did Paul from the movie confuse the computer systems motion detectors when he broke in? | used two Frisbees, one down each aisle |
| Water is used in two ways in a nuclear power plant. Which are the correct two? | boil and condense to drive turbines/cooling of the reaction hot temps. |
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