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Welcome to Herps
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Who gave rise to all tetrapods? | Fleshy finned fishes |
| Tetrapod | 4 footed animals |
| Early amphibians _________ like today's amphibs so ________ direct lineage | were not; little |
| Name for bony fish | Osteichthyes |
| Two early bony fish groups: | Actinopterygii (ray finned); Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned) |
| "Oste" means | bone |
| "ichthyes" means | fish |
| Sarcopterygii | fish group believed to have given rise to earliest tetrapods/amphibians |
| "sarckos" | flesh |
| "pteryx" | fin |
| 2 groups of Sarcopterygii: | Crossopterygii (fringed-finned fishes); Dipnoi ("two breathers") |
| Crossopterygii's living species (name and #) | 2; coelocanths |
| Dipnoi's species (name, number, and location) | 3; lungfishes; Africa, Austrailia, South America |
| Queensland Lungfish scientific name | Neoceratodus forsteri |
| All sarcopterygian fishes have: (3 things) | muscles within their lateral fins (not outside them), heterocercal/homocercal tail, and dermal skull bones similar to all later tetrapods. |
| Coelocanth; found where (2)? when (2)? What are they? | South Africa, 1938; Indian coast 1998; "a living fossil", large fishes about 1.5 m long |
| When did coelocanths achieve their current morphology? | 400 mya |
| Coelocanth scientific name: | Latimeria chalumnae |
| Earliest fossil amphibian | Ichtyostega |
| Ichthyostega: when? where? fins? | Late Devonian; Greenland; no, it had 4 well developed limbs |
| Ichtyostega limbs __________ in the same positions as the ________ in the Labyrinthodont. | were; fins |
| Labyrinthodont: what are they? genus? what time period? | crossoptergian fish; Osteolepis; mid-devonian (360 mya) |
| Ichthyostega had what kind of teeth? | large labyrinthodont teeth |
| Osteolepis | mid-devonian labyrinthodont crossopterygian |
| "labyrinth" | maze |
| "odont" | tooth |
| Acanthostega | Another primitive amphibian |
| Earliest amphibians classified based on their ___________ types | vertebral |
| What is the most primitive vertebral type is what and in which sarcoptergian fish is it found in? | Neural arches that slant posteriorly, a small centrum squeezed in between the arch and the next vertebra, a large intercentrum, rib attached to the dorsal part of the intercentrum, weak pre and post zygapopheses on neural arches; Eusthenopteron |
| Characteristics of Ichthyostega's vertebral type: | Neural arches are vertical, zygapopheses are large |
| Amphibian group that gave rise to the reptiles: | Anthracosaurs |
| Seymouria baylorensis | Permian amphibian fossil showing a number of reptile traits. |
Created by:
tnyswonger
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