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Human Biology
Study Guide for Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Parts of the Circulatory System | Heart, arteries, veins, blood flow, heart beat, blood pressure, blood, etc. |
| What are the functions of the Circulatory System? | Transport blood (oxygen, carbon dioxide, minerals [iron], sugars, fats [lipids], antibodies [WBC], plasma [clotting factors], waste [amonia], horomones, maintains blood pressure [profusion], maintain body temperature, fighting infections and homeostais. |
| Describe the arteries and veins and be able to distinguish between the two. | Arteties: lead away from the heart; think muscular walls, contract to help with blood flow. Sphincter Valves, Arterioles (small arteries) and capillaries. Veins: thin walls, vavles (rely on skeletal muscles to contract to propel blood; one way movement) |
| Trace the path of blood through the body and identify what happens as it passes through the lungs, portal system, urinary system, respiratory system and the capillaries. | From the body (CO2 rich and O2 poor)-> Vena Cava-> RT Atrium-> RT Ventricle->Parliamentary Artery-> Lungs (dumps CO2 and picks up O2) Pulmonary Vein-> LT Atrium-> LT Ventricle-> Aorta-> Arterioles-> Capillaries (O2 dumped and CO2 picked up) |
| What are the components of the blood? Be able to distinguish between white and red blood cells as to functions and structures. | RBC: no nucleus (erythrocytes),contains hemoglobin (4 polypeptides & 1 iron), round, biconcave, produced in marrow (live about 120 days) WBC: present nucleus, non hemoglobin and fights infections |
| How is oxygen exchanged in the lungs and the capillaries? | High concentration to low concentration diffuse hemoglobin to RBC |
| How is carbon dioxide carried from the body tissues to the lungs and exchanged there? | -- |
| How does blood clot? | Platelets & thrombytes: |
| What are the differences in bacteria and viruses? Give some examples also. | Bacteria can be treated with antibiotics (such as staff infection) and a virus is something that your body can fight off. |
| How do prions take on a whole new category of infectious agents? What are some examples of prion initiated diseases. | -- |
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system? | Protect against germs, replace fluid in the blood, absorbs fats from the digestive tract, produce anti-bodies |
| What are the primary and secondary lymphatic organs? What are the functions and locations of each? |