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Lab 21
Animal Kingdom
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| acoelomate | animal with no cavity surrounding the gut |
| bilateral symmetry | animals with two mirror images on either side of the long axis |
| blastopore | hole formed by invagination of embryo during gastrulation |
| blastula | the "hollow ball" stage of the early embryo |
| cephalization | the development of the anterior end of an organism as the sensory and control center |
| choanocyte | the "collar cell" of a sponge (creates flow of water through organism) |
| coelomate | animal with a cavity around the gut (cavity is totally surrounded by mesoderm |
| diploblastic | animal formed from two embryonic germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm) |
| eutherian | mammal with well-formed placenta in female (humans, dogs, cow, etc.) |
| gastrulation | formation of the primitive gut due to the differential growth of certain embryonic cells |
| marsupial | mammal with poorly developed (or absent) placenta. the newborn must be placed in a protective sac of female |
| monotreme | mammal that lays eggs, but has hair and mammary glands. young must lap milk from fur |
| What are some examples of monotremes? | duck-billed platypus and spiny anteaters |
| nematocyst | coiled hollow thread of a cnidarian. Upon contact with intruder it can be extruded to snare prey or penetrate epidermis of predator, releasing a toxin. |
| notochord | dorsal support rod found in all chordates. (only in embryo of vertebrates) |
| osculum | hole at top of sponge through which water exits. |
| pseudocoelomate | animal with a cavity around gut. Lies between endoderm of gut and mesoderm of body wall. |
| radial symmetry | body parts arranged in circle around the long axis |
| segmentation | serial repetition of body parts that are fundamentally similar in structure |
| spicule | structure of some sponges made of caldium or silica that supports the body framework |
| spongin | proteinaceous framework of some sponges ("bath sponges") |
| triploblastic | animal formed from three embryonic germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm) |
| tube feet | "suction cup" appendages of echinoderms used in locomotion and attachment to substrate powered by water vascular system |
| water vascular system | series of calcareous channels in echinoderms used to operate tube feet |
| What are three unique characteristics of the chordates? | a dorsal tubular nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a dorsal support rod called a notochord |
| list two reasons most workers believe animals originated from a single protistan ancestor | all animals have similar cell membrane junctions and similar biochemistry (especially RNA) |
Created by:
cmccartney2
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