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Medical terminology
Brady basic Chapter 5 -
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury | Abdominol Quadrants |
| the pelvic socket into which the ball of the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint | acetabulum |
| the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet | acromioclavicular joint |
| the highest portion of the shoulder | acromion process |
| the conversion of glucose into energy by the use of oxygen | aerobic metabolism |
| the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place | Alveoli |
| the conversion of glucose into energy by without the use of oxygen | anaerobic metabolism |
| the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. | anatomical position |
| the study of body structure | Anatomy |
| the front of the body or body part | Anterior |
| the largest artery in the body. | Aorta |
| a small tube located near the junction of the small and large intestines in the RLQ of the abdomen, the function of which is not well understood. | Appendix |
| the smallest kind of artery | Arteriole |
| any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart | artery |
| the two upper chambers of the heart. The right one gets unoxygenated blood from the body. The left one gets oxygen-rich blood from the lungs. | Atria |
| the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses of it's own. | Automaticity |
| the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions | Automatic Nervous System |
| the term for "on both sides" | bilateral |
| the round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine. | bladder |
| the pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of blood vessels | blood pressure |
| artery of the upper arm, the site of the pulse checked in infant CPR. | brachial artery |
| the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs | bronchiol |
| the heel bone | calcaneus |
| a thin walled microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body's cells take place. | capillary |
| a system of specialized muscle tissue that conducts electrical impulses that stimulates the heart to beat. | Cardiac conduction system |
| specialize involuntary muscle found only in the heart | Cardiac muscle |
| the system made of the heart and the blood vessels | Cardiovascular System |
| the large neck arteries, one on each side of the neck, that carry blood from the heart to the head | Carotid arteries |
| the wrist bones | carpals |
| the brain and spinal cord | central nervous system |
| the central pulses | carotid and femoral |
| the collarbone | clavicle |
| blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart | coranary arteries |
| the top, back, and sides of the skull | cranium |
| the ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the Larynyx | Cricoid cartilage |
| the inner layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis | Dermis |
| the muscular structure that divides that chest cavity from the abdominal cavity | Diaphragm |
| the pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling | diastolic blood pressure |
| system by which food travels through the body and is broken down into absorbable forms | digestive system |
| further away from the torso | distal |
| referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot | dorsal |
| artery supplying the foot, | dorsalis pedis |
| system of glands that produce chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions | endocrine system |
| The layer of skin that contains no blood vessels or nerves is the | epidermis |
| a leaf shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea | Epiglottis |
| a hormone produced by the body as a medication. | Epinephrine |
| a passive process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs | Exhalation |
| the major artery supplying the leg | Femoral Artery |
| the large bone of the thigh | Femur |
| the lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg | Fibula |
| a sitting position | Fowler Position |
| a sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver | Gallbladder |
| the proximal opening of the trachea | Glottic Opening |
| the bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and the elbow | Humerous |
| inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of the blood through the capillaries | Hypoperfusion |
| the free floating bone in the neck that provides structure to the larynx | Hyoid Bone |
| the superior and widest portion of the pelvis | Illium |
| away from the head; | Inferior |
| an active process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract, expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing air to flow into thew lungs | inhalation |
| a hormone produces by the pancreas or taken as a medication by diabetics | insulin |
| muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled | involuntary Muscles |
| the lower posterior portion of the pelvis | Ischium |
| the point where two bones come together | Joint |
| organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body | Kidney |
| the muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from the small intestines and removes anything absorbed by the body toward excretion from the body | Large Intestine |
| the voice box | Larnyx |
| to the side, away from the midline of the body | Lateral |
| tissue that connects bone to bone | Ligament |
| the largest organ of the body, produces bile to assist in breakdown of fats and assists in the metabolism of various substances in the body | Liver |
| the organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place | Lungs |
| the lower jaw bone | Mandible |
| the superior portion of the sternum | Manubrium |
| the two fused bones forming the upper jaw | Maxillae |
| toward the midline of the body | Medial |
| the hand bones | medacarpals |
| the foot bones | Metatarsals |
| a line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle | mid-axillary line |
| the line through the center of each clavicle | mid-clavicular |
| an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves | midline |
| tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part | Muscle |
| the system of bones and skeletal muscles that supports and protects the body and permits movement | musculoskeletal system |
| The Nose Bones | nasal bones |
| the area directly posterior to the nose | Nasopharnyx |
| the body system of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought | Nervous System |
| the bony structure around the eyes, the eye sockets | Orbits |
| the area directly posterior to the mouth | oropharynx |
| referring to the palm of the hand | palmar |
| a gland located behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine | pancreas |
| the knee cap | patella |
| the basin shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities | pelvis |
| the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow through the capillaries | perfusion |
| the nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord | peripheral nervous system |
| the toe and finger bones | phalanges |
| the area directly posterior to the mouth and nose, it is made up of the oropharynx and nasopharynx | pharynx |
| the study of body function | physiology |
| a flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object | Plane |
| referring to the sole of the foot | plantar |
| the fluid portion of the body that carries blood cells and nutrients | plasma |
| components of the blood, membrane enclosed fragments of specialized cells,A small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting. | Platelets |
| the back of the body or body part posterior | Posterior |
| artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle | posterior tibial artery |
| lying face down | prone |
| closer to the torso | proximal |
| the medial anterior portion of the pelvis | the medial anterior portion of the pelvis pubis |
| the vessels that carry blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs | pulmonary artery |
| the vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart | pulmonary veins |
| the rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries | pulse |
| artery of the lower arm, the pulse of the wrist | radial artery |
| the lateral bone of the forearm | radius |
| lying on the side | recovery position |
| components of the blood that carry oxygen to and carbon dioxide away from the cells | red blood cells |
| the body system that regulate fluid balance and filtration of the blood | renal system |
| the body system that is responsible for human reproduction | reproductive system |
| the process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells | respiration |
| the body system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide | respiratory system |
| shoulder bone | scapula |
| Another name for shock | hypoperfusion |
| the bones of the body | skeleton |
| the layer of tissue between the body and the external environment | skin |
| the muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ilieum, which receives partially digested food from the stomach and continues digestion | small intestine |
| an organ located in the LUQ of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood | spleen |
| the breastbone | sternum |
| muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where digestion of food begins | Stomach |
| the layers of fat and soft tissue found below the dermis | subcutaneous layers |
| toward the head | superior |
| lying on the back | supine |
| the pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out into circulation | systolic blood pressure |
| the ankle bones | tarsals |
| tissue that connects muscle to bone | tendon |
| The chest | Thorax |
| the wing shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the adam's apple | thyroid cartilage |
| the medial and larger bone of the lower leg | Tibia |
| the trunk of the body, the body without the head and the extremities | Torso |
| the windpipe, the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs | Trachea |
| a position in which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head | trendelenburg position |
| the superior and the inferior, which return blood from the body to the right atrium | venae cavae |
| any blood vessel returning blood to the heart | vein |
| the process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of the blood | ventilation |
| the two lower chambers of the heart | ventricles |
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