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Study Guide DNA/RNA

QuestionAnswer
What are carbohydrates made of? Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (1:2:1)
What is the main function of carbohydrates? Energy
What are some examples of carbohydrates? Galactose, Glucose, Fructose
What are lipids made of? Carbon & Hydrogen
What is the function of lipids? Parts of biological membranes
What are some examples of lipids? (poly)(un)saturated
What are nucleic acids made of? Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Phosphorus
What is the main function of nucleic acids and some examples? Carry hereditary info, DNA & RNA
What are proteins made of? Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Amino Acids
What is the function of proteins? 1) Control rate of reactions 2) Form bones/muscles 3) Transport substance in/out of cells 4) Help fight disease
Griffith Experiment Mice. Smooth= death. Rough= lives. Heat-killed smooth: lives. Both rough and heat-killed smooth: dies. Proves transformation.
Avery Experiment Proteins, Lipids, and Carbohydrates are not hereditary info; DNA is.
Hershey-Chase Experiment Bacteriophages (Protein coat or DNA core is the hereditary info, it was DNA)
Rosalind Franklin x-ray operator (diffraction)
Chargaff's Rules A=T (U), G=C
Watson and Crick Double helix
DNA vs. RNA two strand vs. one strand, AGCT vs. AGCU, stays in nucleus vs. goes to ribosomes
Replication takes place in... nucleus
Transcription takes place in... nucleus
Translation takes place in... ribosomes
Two categories of mutations? point & frameshift
Two categories of frameshift mutations? insertions, deletions
Three categories of mutations? insertions, deletions, substitutions
Type of point mutation? substitution
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