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Chapter 7
Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a-, an- | without, absence of |
| bi-, bin- | two |
| e- | to remove |
| endo- | within |
| hyper- | excessive, abnormally high, above |
| intra- | within |
| para- | near, alongside, departure from normal |
| angi/o | blood vessel |
| asthen/o | weakness |
| blast/o | germ, bud |
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| conjunctiv/o | to bind together, conjunctiva |
| cor/o, core/o | pupil |
| corne/o | horny, cornea |
| cyst/o | bladder, sac |
| dacry/o | tear |
| dipl/o | double |
| emmetr/o | according to measure |
| ir/o, irid/o | rainbow, iris |
| kerat/o | hard, horny tissue |
| lacrim/o | tear |
| leuk/o | white |
| myc/o | fungus |
| nucle/o | kernal |
| nyct/o, nyctal/o | night, nocturnal |
| ocul/o | eye |
| ophthalam/o | eye |
| opt/o | eye, vision |
| phac/o, phak/o | lens |
| phot/o | light |
| presby/o | old age |
| retin/o | net, retina |
| scler/o | thick, hard, sclera |
| son/o | sound |
| stigmat/o | point |
| ton/o | tone, tension, pressure |
| vitr/o, vitre/o | glassy |
| -algia | pain |
| -ician | one who treats |
| -metrist | one who measures |
| -opia | vision |
| -phobia | fear |
| -plegia | paralysis (major) |
| -ptosis | falling down, drooping |
| -rrhagia | bleeding, hemorrhage |
| -scopy | process of viewing |
| conjunctiva | a layer of epithelium that covers the inner surfaces of the eyelids and the anterior surface of the eye |
| cornea | the anterior part of the fibrous layer; a transparent covering over the iris and pupil |
| fovea | a small depression in part of the retina where cones are in greatest abundance, which makes this the area of highest visual acuity (VA) |
| vitreous humor | a gelatinous mass in the posterior cavity of the eye |
| aqueous humor | watery fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye |
| iris | a ring of smooth muscle that forms the colored part of the eye |
| lacrimal glands | tear glands located near the dorsolateral surface of the eye; lacrimal ducts carry the tears from the glands to wash over the anterior surface of the eye |
| intraocular | pertaining to within the eye |
| optic nerve | nerve pathway from the retinae of both eyes to the brain; aka cranial nerve (CN) II |
| optic disk | the blind spot; a small region of the retina where photoreceptors are absent due to the origin of the optic nerve |
| retina | a thin film of neurons at the back of the eye that contains the photoreceptors |
| sclera | the tough, white outer covering of the eye |
| cataract | a reduction of transparency of the lens |
| chalazion | a localized swelling at the edge of an eyelid caused by obstruction of a meibomian gland |
| detached retina | separation of the retina from the choroid at the back of the eye |
| glaucoma | a loss of vision resulting from increased intraocular pressure, which damages the optic nerve |
| hordeolum | an infection of the meibomian gland, which causes a local swelling of the eyelid; aka sty |
| macular degeneration | progressive deterioration of an area of the retina known as the macula lutea, which leads to a loss of central vision; the most common cause is age |
| strabismus | condition of crossed eyes caused by the visual axes failing to meet at the same point; condition causes a noticeable squint: heterotropia - both eye deviate inward or outward, esotropia - one eye deviates inward, and exotropia - one eye deviates outward |
| cataract extraction | surgical excision of a lens hat has lost its clarity |
| distance visual acuity | a test of the ability to see the details and shape of objects from recorded distances |
| LASIK | laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis; the use of a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct vision abnormalities, such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism |
| anesthetic opthalmic solutions | eyedrops that reduce pain resulting from eye injury, surgery, or infections |
| antibiotic opthalmic solution | eyedrops that treat bacterial eye infections |
| antiglaucomas | reduce intraocular pressure by lowering the volume of aqueous humor by inhibiting its production or increasing its return to the bloodstream |
| miotics | cause pupil to constrict; may also be used to treat glaucoma |
| mydriatics | cause pupil to dilate by paralyzing the iris and/or cililary muscles; often used prior to eye exams and eye surgery |
| OD | oculus dexter, or right eye |
| OS | oculus sinister, or left eye |
| OU | oculus uterque, or each eye |
| PRK | photrefractive keratectomy |
| RK | radial keratotomy |
| VA | visual acuity |
Created by:
Nicolekr
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