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Chapter 6
Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a- | without, absence of |
| de- | not |
| di- | double |
| dys- | bad, abnormal, painful, difficult |
| hemi- | one-half |
| hydro- | water |
| hyper- | excessive, abnormally high, above |
| mono- | one |
| pan- | all, entire |
| par- | near, alongside; departure from normal |
| para- | near, alongside, departure from normal |
| poly- | many |
| pre- | before |
| sub- | below, beneath |
| tetra- | four |
| alges/o | pain |
| angi/o | blood vessel |
| arachn/o | spider |
| arteri/o | artery |
| arthr/o | joint |
| cephal/o | head |
| cerebell/o | little brain, cerebellum |
| cerebr/o | brain, cerebrum |
| cran/o, crani/o | skull, cranium |
| dur/o | hard |
| embol/o | a plug |
| encephal/o | brain |
| gangli/o, ganglion/o | knot, swelling |
| gli/o | glue, neuroglia |
| gnos/o | knowledge |
| lumb/o | loin, lower back |
| lys/o | break apart, dissolution |
| mening/o, mening/i | membrane, meninges |
| ment/o | mind |
| myel/o | spinal cord, medulla, myelin sheath (also means bone marrow in the muscular system) |
| narc/o | numbness |
| neur/o | sinew or cord, nerve (also means fascia in the muscular system) |
| phas/o, phasi/o | speech |
| plegi/o | paralysis |
| poli/o | gray |
| psych/o | mind |
| quadr/o, quadr/i | four |
| radic/o, radicul/o | nerve root |
| scler/o | thick, hard, sclera |
| somat/o | body |
| spin/o | spine, thorn |
| thalam/o | inner chamber, thalamus |
| thromb/o | clot |
| vascul/o | small vessel |
| -algia | pain |
| -asthenia | weakness |
| -cele | hernia, swelling, protrusion |
| -esthesia | sensation, perception |
| -gram | a record |
| -iatry | treatment, specialty |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -lepsy | seizure |
| -logist | one who studies |
| -lysis | to loosen, dissolve |
| -malacia | softening |
| -oid | resembling |
| -paresis | paralysis (minor) |
| -phagia | eating or swallowing |
| -phasia | speaking (may also be used as a root, as phas) |
| -plegia | paralysis (major) |
| -troph | nourishment, development |
| anorexia nervosa | behavioral eating disorder characterized by a low self-image that leads to an intensive fear of gaining weight, causing excessive weight loss and malnutrition |
| anxiety disorder | emotional instability caused by apprehension and mental tension over the anticipation of real or imagined events |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | learning disorder caused by failure to focus attention for a given period of time due to abnormally high energy and impulsiveness |
| attention deficit disorder (ADD) | a condition that prevents the individual from focusing attention for more than a few minutes but does not include hyperactivity |
| bipolar disorder | mental disorder in which the patient experiences episodes of extreme changes in mood and energy, ranging from severe depression to mania |
| bulimia nervosa | behavioral eating disorder that involves uncontrolled eating, or binging, and self-induced vomiting, or purging |
| clinical depression | mental disorder characterized by overwhelming feelings of sadness and despair often accompanied by reduced energy and avoidance of social contracts |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | mental disorder that involves an uncontrollable need to perform certain motor-skill tasks, repetitive behaviors, or rituals, such as hand washing |
| phobia | emotional disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of an object, environment, or experience; the particular fear is identified by adding the suffix to the feared item |
| post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | emotional disorder characterized by extreme fear and anxiety that results from traumatic experience, such as a bomb explosion or automobile accident |
| schizophrenia | a group of psychotic disorders that include the inability to distinguish reality from nonreality, disturbance of language, social withdrawal, and fragmentation of cognitive functions |
| ICP | intracranial pressure |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| OCD | obsessive-compulsive disorder |
| PD | Parkinson's disease |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PNS | peripheral nervous system |
| PTSD | post-traumatic stress disorder |
| TIA | transient ischemic attach |
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or analgesics | reduce inflammation and serve as mild pain relievers |
| anesthetics | inhibit pain by blocking sensation or producing a loss of consciousness |
| anticonvulsants | reduce excitabilty of neurons to prevent uncontrolled neuron activity associated with seizures |
| dopaminergics | substitute or enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter dopamine as a treatment for Parkinson's disease |
| hypnotics | promote sleep |
| narcotic analgesics | inhibit pain by reducing consciousness of sensations; habit-forming |
| sedatives | reduce nervous tension and anxiety |
| ather/o | fatty substance |
Created by:
Nicolekr
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