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Microbiology Terms

Chapter 27

TermDefinition
Plus Strand a viral nucleic acid strand that is equivalent in base sequence to viral mRNA
Negative Strand a viral single-stranded nucleic acid that is complementary the viral mRNA
DNA dependent DNA polymerase an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA using a DNA molecule as the template
Restriction Enzymes enzymes produced by bacterial cells that cleave DNA at specific points. They evolved to protect bacteria from viral infection and are used in carrying out genetic engineering
Restriction a process used by bacteria to defend the cell wall against viral infection. It is accomplished by enzymes that cleave the viral DNA
DNA dependent RNA polymerase an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA using a DNA molecule as the template
Replication the process in which an exact copy of parental DNA (or viral RNA) is made with the parental molecule serving as a template
Segmented genomes a viral genome that is divided into several parts or fragments, each usually coding for a single polypeptide
Read through a phenomenon in which a ribosome ignores the stop codon and continues in protein synthesis. This generates a different protein than that produced if the ribosome had stopped at the stop codon.
Transcriptase an enzyme that catalyzes transcription; in viruses with RNA genomes, this enzyme is an RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Created by: cac082
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