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Circulatory/Lymphati
Module G- 103 King Cirulatory/Lymphatic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Precordium | Center of chest |
| Base | Top or upper part of the heart |
| Apex | touches anterior chest at the 4th & 5th ICS |
| 4TH & 5TH ICS= | POINT OF MAXIMAL IMPULSE- When you can hear the heart beat loudest |
| Heart Wall Structures | Myocardium, endocardium, pericardium |
| Heart Chambers | Rt & Lt Atria/Rt & Lt Ventricles |
| Rt & Lt Atria are... | The upper two Receiving chambers |
| Rt & Lt Ventricles are.. | The lower two Discharging chambers |
| Infants Heart lies... | Horizontally, apex 3&4th ICS |
| Age 7 the heart lies.. | the same as adults |
| Tall slender adults heart.. | located vertically & central |
| Short stocky adults heart... | located horizontally & to the left |
| 4 Heart Valves.. | Tricuspid, Bicuspid or (Mitral), Pulmonary, & Aortic |
| Tricupid Valve | Between the Rt Atria & Rt Ventricle |
| Bicuspid or Mitral Valve | Between the Lt Atria & Lt Ventricle |
| Pulmonary Valve | Guards opening between Lt Ventricle & Aorta |
| Blood enters the heart via... | The Rt Atrium; passes through the tricupid valve into Rt Ventricle. From Rt Ventricle- blood passes into pulmonary artery via pulmonary valve to lungs to be oxygenated |
| From the lungs blood enters via... | Lt Atrium passes through Mitral Valve in Lt Ventricle. From Lt Ventricle- blood passes through Aortic Valve ino Aorta to the body |
| What are the special cells in the Rt Atrium that initiates electrical impulse? | SA (sino atrial) node -Pacemaker |
| What slows the electrical impluse before entering the Ventricles? | AV (atrio-ventricular) node- Bundle of HIS |
| Fans across both ventricles & initiates ventricular contraction... | Pukinji Fibers |
| PRQRST | One electrical conduction |
| S1/Lub= | tricuspid/mitral valves shut during systole |
| S2/Dub= | pulmonary/aortic valves shut during diastole |
| Cardiac Output | Amount of blood heart pumps in one minute (in liters) |
| Preload | Amount of pressure generated at the end of diastole |
| Afterload | The Amount of pressure ventricles must overcome to eject their blood volume |
| Physical Assessment/Data Collection Includes.. | History, Review of systems, Functional assessment, Physical exam, Diagnosis test & procedures |
| Circulatory Inspection: | Visible pulsations, Exaggerated vibrations (thrills), Angle of Louis & sternal notch, chest from side angles |
| Circulatory Palpation: | Use proximal halves of four fingers then balls of hands, Assess each intercostal space apex:4-5 ICS, Normally: no pulsations except PMI & epigastric area, Vibrations=murmurs |
| Palpation: If PMI is inaudible in supine position turn to... | Left side |
| Infants PMI located... | 3-4th ICS |
| What alters the location of the PMI? | Heart disease, aging, & obesity |
| Circulatory Ausculation: | S1 & S2 (lub-dub), Detects normal, extra heart sounds & murmurs |
| Position for ausculation is... | Sitting up & forward/Supine or Lt lateral recumbent |
| Ausculate what for 1 minute... | Rate & Rhythm |
| Systolic reading of 15 1mm hg= | disease |
| Blood to head & neck is supplied through the... | Carotid arteries |
| Assess these arteries one at a time... | Carotid arteries |
| What position is the client in to assess the Carotid arteries? | Sitting or supine hob 30* |
| Syncope | decrease heart rate & blood pressure leading to cardiac arrest |
| Arterial occlusion or Stenosis | Absence of pulse |
| These are visible externally while in a supine position & become flat at a 45* angle... | Jugular veins |
| Inspect these for distention with heart disease... | Jugular veins |
| Assessment of these to determind adequate blood flow to extremities... | Peripheral arteries & veins |
| Impairment of perpheral arteries & veins causes what factors? | Altered blood vessel integrity, blood vessel constriction, geriatrics, diabetes |
| Examine peripheral pulse using what part of the fingers | pads of the 2 & 3 fingers |
| Assess peripheral arteries for what 3 things... | elasticity, strength, & equality |
| Rating peripheral pulses 0-4+ | 0- absent pulse, 1+ diminished or barely palpable, 2+ easily papable, 3+ full pulse, 4+ strong, bounding(Compare Lt. to Rt)Assess from head to toe |
| What test is used to assess collateral circulation? | Allen's test |
| Brachial Pulse located... | Between biceps & triceps |
| Femoral Artery | Located between inguinal ligament (deep palpation may be needed) |
| Strongest artery in infants.. | Femoral Artery |
| This artery delivers blood to the lower extremities... | Femoral Artery |
| Popliteal Pulse | Located behind the knee |
| Position supine with knee flexed or prone to assess what pulse? | Popliteal Pulse |
| Dorsalis Pedis Pulse | Located top of the foot in line with groove between extensor tendons of great & first toe |
| This pulse may be congenitally absent... | Dorsalis pedis pulse |
| Posterior Tibial Pulse | Located behind & below the malleolus |
| Homan's sign | test use to detect phlebitis |
| Vital Signs consist of... | Temp, Pulse, Respirations, BP |
| How many valves are in the heart? | 4 |
| What are the discharging chambers? | The Left & Right Ventricles |
| What are the receiving chambers? | The Lt & Rt Atria |
| Where would you find the Mitral Valve between... | The Lt Atria & Lt Ventricle |
Created by:
maliakaye5
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