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Cells Ch 1
Cell discovery and Organelles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Robert Hooke | 1st to describe cells; Looked at cork cells; 1665 |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek | 1673; looked at yeast, animal blood, pond scum, and bacteria |
| 3 parts of cell theory | 1) All organisms are made from one or more cells 2) The cell is the basic unit of life 3) All cells come from cells |
| Surface area-to-volume ratio | Limits the size of cells because they have to be able to get nutrients in and waste products out |
| 2 things cells must do to survive | 1) Take in nutrients 2) Get rid of wastes |
| organelles | structures inside the cells that perform their specific functions to keep the cell productive |
| prokaryote | a single-celled organism which does not have a nucleus in its cell; bacteria is an example |
| eukaryote | a multi-celled organism which has nuclei in its cells; plants and animals are examples (including humans) |
| DNA | unique genetic information which is read by the ribosomes and stored in the nucleus of the cell; the instructions of the cell |
| Do you know the organelles and their jobs? | yes |
| 3 advantages of being multicellular | 1) larger size (fewer predators) 2) longer life (life goes on when a cell dies) 3) cells can specialize (more complex organisms) |
| cells | the basic unit of life; the simplest level of organization |
| tissue | cells work together to perform a certain funtion |
| organ | tissues work together to perform a certain function |
| organ systems | organs work together to perform a certain function |
| structure | the shape, form, or arrangement of the parts of an organism |
| function | the job of a part of an organism |
| levels of organization of living things | cells --> tissues --> organs --> organ systems (--> organism......if it is multicellular) |
| surface area | area outside the cell covered by cell membrane; good for letting materials in and out |
| volume | area inside the cell; not good if too big because more nutrients are needed and more waste must get out |
Created by:
browngdavid
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