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SLSCirculation(AI)
SLS Bio 12 Circulation (AI)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antibody | a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances that the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood. |
| Antigen | a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, esp. the production of antibodies. |
| Aorta | the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system. In humans it passes over the heart from the left ventricle and runs down in front of the backbone. |
| Arterial Duct | a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth |
| atrioventricular valve | either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium |
| autonomic nervous system | The part of the vertebrate nervous system that regulates involuntary action, as of the intestines, heart, and glands, and that is divided into the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. |
| AV node | A small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of the ventricles. |
| blood | The fluid consisting of plasma, blood cells, and platelets that is circulated by the heart through the vertebrate vascular system, carrying oxygen and nutrients to and waste materials away from all body tissues. |
| blood pressure | The pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, especially the arteries. |
| blood velocity | velocity or speed of blood in the aorta. It is also defined as the rate of change or alteration of the blood position in the body. |
| blood vessel | a tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a vein, artery, or capillary. |
| capillary-tissue fluid exchange | Capillaries are where fluids, gasses, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged between the blood and body tissues by diffusion. |
| carotid artery | either of two major arteries of the neck and head; branches from the aorta |
| chordae tendinaea | or heart strings, are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart. |
| coronary artery | an artery supplying blood to the heart. |
| coronary vein | any of several veins that drain blood from the heart wall and empty into the coronary sinus. |
| diastolic pressure | the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) after the contraction of the heart while the chambers of the heart refill with blood |
| fetal circulation | the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus |
| heart rate | pulse: the rate at which the heart beats |
| hepatic portal vein | a vein conveying blood to the liver from the spleen, stomach, pancreas, and intestines. |
| hepatic vein | a vein that drains the liver; empties into the vena cava |
| hypertension | abnormally high blood pressure |
| hypotension | abnormally low blood pressure |
| iliac artery | one of the large arteries supplying blood to the pelvis and legs |
| iliac vein | one of three veins draining the pelvic area |
| jugular vein | any of several large veins in the neck, carrying blood from the head and face |
| lymph capillaries | drain excess tissue fluids from around the cell ready to be filtered and returned to the venous circulation |
| lymph node | each of a number of small swellings in the lymphatic system where lymph is filtered and lymphocytes are formed. |
| lymphatic system | the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the blood. |
| lymphatic veins | thin walled, valved structures that carry lymph |
| mesenteric artery | one of two branches of the aorta that pass between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestines |
| oval opening | The oval opening in the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal heart. |
| plasma | the colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended. |
| platelets | a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting. |
| posterior vena cava | large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. |
| pulmonary arteries | the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. |
| pulmonary circulation | circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs |
| pulmonary trunk | the artery that carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries |
| pulmonary veins | a vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. |
| purkinje fibres | a specialized cardiac muscle fiber that is part of the Purkinje network (electrical impulses) |
| red blood cell | ontain the pigment hemoglobin, which imparts the red color to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues. |
| renal artery | an artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal glands and ureters |
| renal vein | veins that accompany renal arteries; open into the vena cava at the level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra |
| SA node | pacemaker: a specialized bit of heart tissue that controls the heartbeat |
| semi lunar valve | each of a pair of valves in the heart, at the bases of the aorta and the pulmonary artery, consisting of three cusps or flaps that prevent the flow of blood back into the heart. |
| subclavian artery | either of two arteries that supply blood to the neck and arms |
| subclavian vein | a continuation of the axillary vein; joins the internal jugular to form the brachiocephalic vein |
| systemic circulation | circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs |
| systolic pressure | the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) during the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart |
| total cross sectional area | two-dimensional slice you would get by cutting through the object with a plane. |
| umbilical artery | paired artery that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. |
| umbilical vein | a vein in the umbilical cord; returns nutrient blood from the placenta to the fetus |
| valve | controlling the passage of fluid through veins, not allowing blood to travel back down |
| veins | any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart. |
| venous duct | a fetal blood vessel that joins the descending aorta and left pulmonary artery. |
| white blood cell | a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease; a white (blood) cell. |
Created by:
annabelirwin
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