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SLS Bio 12 Circ (KP)
SLS Bio 1 Circulation (KP)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anterior Vena Cava | drains the head end of the body |
| Antibody | a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen |
| Antigen | is a substance foreign or toxic to the body (for example, a bacterium) |
| Aorta | the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system. In humans it passes over the heart from the left ventricle and runs down in front of the backbone |
| Arterial Duct | a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta |
| Atrioventricular Valve | either of two heart valves through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles; prevents return of blood to the atrium |
| Autonomic Nervous System | regulates the functions of our internal organs (the viscera) such as the heart, stomach and intestines |
| Atrioventricular (AV) Node | is a part of the electrical control system of the heart that coordinates the top of the heart. It electrically connects atrial and ventricular chambers |
| Blood | red liquid carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body |
| Blood Pressure | pressure of the blood in the circulatory system |
| Blood Velocity | often expressed in cm/s |
| Blood Vessel | three major types of blood vessels: the arteries:which carry the blood away from the heart;the capillaries:which enable the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues;the veins,which carry blood from the capillaries back to the heart |
| Capillary-Tissue Fluid Exchange | Capillaries are where fluids, gasses, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged between the blood and body tissues. |
| Carotid Artery | The carotid arteries are blood vessels that supply blood to the head, neck and brain |
| Chordae Tendineae | strong, fibrous strings attached to the leaflets (or cusps) of the heart on the ventricular side |
| Coronary Artery | heart receives its own supply of blood from the coronary arteries. Two major coronary arteries branch off aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet. These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood. |
| Coronary Vein | carries blood low in oxygen |
| Diastolic Pressure | minimum pressure in the arteries, which occurs near the beginning of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are filled with blood. |
| Fetal Circulation | is the circulatory system of a human fetus, often encompassing the entire fetoplacental circulation which includes the umbilical cord and the blood vessels within the placenta that carry fetal blood. |
| Heart Rate | speed of the heartbeat, specifically the number of heartbeats per unit of time |
| Hepatic Portal Vein | a blood vessel that conducts blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This blood is rich in nutrients that have been extracted from food, and the liver processes these nutrients; |
| Hepatic Vein | blood vessels which transport the liver's deoxygenated blood and blood which has been filtered by the liver |
| Hypertension | chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated |
| Hypotension | hypotension is low blood pressure, especially in the arteries of the systemic circulation |
| Iliac Artery | Arteries near iliac crest |
| Iliac Vein | Vein that runs near iliac crest |
| Jugular Vein | veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava |
| Left Atrium | Top right |
| Left ventricle | bottom right |
| Lymph Capillaries | very small vessels which have thin walls and are sealed shut on one end.primary function is to drain extra fluids in the tissues from around the cell when it's ready to be filtered by the lymphatic system. |
| Lymph Node | oval-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, distributed widely throughout the body including the armpit and stomach and linked by lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immunity. act as filters or traps for foreign particles |
| Lymphatic System | The lymphatic system is a system of capillaries, vessels, nodes and other organs that transport a fluid called lymph from the tissues as it returns to the bloodstream |
| Lymphatic Veins | similar to blood vessels, but they don't carry blood |
| Mesenteric Artery | one of two branches of the aorta that pass between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestines |
| Oval Opening | the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal heart |
| Plasma | pale-yellow liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension. It makes up about 55% of the body's total blood volume. |
| Platelets | irregularly-shaped, colorless bodies that are present in blood. Their sticky surface lets them, along with other substances, form clots to stop bleeding. |
| Posterior Vena Cava | large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the heart |
| Pulmonary Arteries | transports blood from the heart to the lungs |
| Pulmonary Circulation | portion of the cardiovascular system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated (oxygen-rich) blood back to the heart |
| Pulmonary Trunk | blood vessel which divides to form the right and left pulmonary arteries |
| Pulmonary Veins | large blood vessels that receive oxygenated blood from the lungs and drain into the left atrium of the heart |
| Purkinje Fibres | Relays cardiac impulses to the ventricular cells causing the ventricles to contract. |
| Red Blood Cell | the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate organism's principal means of delivering oxygen (O2) to the body tissues via the blood flow through the circulatory system.[ |
| Renal Artery | one of the pair of large blood vessels that branch off from the abdominal aorta (the abdominal portion of the major artery leading from the heart) and enter into each kidney. |
| Renal Vein | veins that drain the kidney |
| Right Atrium | Top left |
| Right Ventricle | Bottom left |
| Sinoatrial Node | the impulse-generating (pacemaker) tissue located in the right atrium of the heart, and thus the generator of normal sinus rhythm. |
| Semi-lunar Valve | flaps of endocardium and connective tissue reinforced by fibers which prevent the valves from turning inside out |
| Septum | wall of muscle that seperates the left and right sides of the heart |
| Subclavian Artery | branch to the vertebral arteries, which carry oxygenated blood up to the brain from the base of the neck |
| Subclavian Vein | run under the collar bone, or clavicle, where they connect to the internal jugular veins |
| Systemic Circulation | part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart |
| Systolic Pressure | the blood pressure (as measured by a sphygmomanometer) during the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart |
| Total Cross-Sectional Area | a transverse cut through a structure or tissue |
| Umbilical Artery | a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions |
| Umbilical Vein | a vein present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus |
| Valve | flap-like structures that allow blood to flow in one direction |
| Veins | any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart. |
| Venous Duct | connects the umbilical arteries to the liver |
| Vessel Wall | composed of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix (including collagen and elastin). |
| White Blood Cell | are the cells of the immune system that are involved in defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials. |
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