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Environmental Bio
terms for first exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Analysis | Breaking down a concept into component parts to study it. Known from first hand experience, directly observed and info is tested. |
| Species | a group of organisms with similar morphology, genetics,behavior, and biochemistry, and that usually interbreed. |
| population | a group of individuals of a single species living in a given area at a given time |
| community | a group of individuals of a single species living in a given area at a given time |
| ecosystem | a community of different species interacting with one another |
| biotic | all living organisms |
| abiotic | physical/chemical attributes of the environment(light, air, water) |
| range of tolerance | limits within which given population of organisms can survive and reproduce |
| ecosystem interactions | mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism |
| mutualism | both species receive direct benefit from the interaction (flower and pollinator) |
| predation | one organism benefits while the other is harmed |
| parasitism | one organism benefits while the other is harmed- one organism lives in and off of the other |
| competition | simultaneous demand for a resource by two or more individuals |
| biotic potential | ability of populations of a given species to increase in size |
| Eukaryote | an organism whose cells have nuclei and organelles. Ex.: animals, fungi, vegetation, and many single-celled organisms |
| prokaryote | a kind of organism that lacks a true cell nucleus. Ex.: bacteria |
| Ecology | The science of the study of the relationships between living things and their environment |
| habitat | where an individual, population, or species exists or can exist. |
| niche | the role of an organism or species, or the environmental conditions under which a species can persist in the absence of competition |
| herbivore | an organism that feeds on an autotroph |
| carnivores | organisms that feed on other live organisms, animals that eat other animals |
| omnivore | organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| photosynthesis | synthesis of sugars from carbon dioxide and water by living organisms using light as energy. oxygen is given off as a by-product |
| energy flow | the movement of energy through an ecosystem from the external environment through a series of organisms and back to the external environment. It is one of the fundamental processes common to all ecosystems. |
| macronutrients | elements required in large amounts by living things. Ex.: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. |
| micronutruents | chemical elements required in very small amounts by at least some forms of life. Ex.: boron, copper, and molybdenum |
| carbon cycle | biogeochemical cycle of carbon. Carbon combines with and is chemically and biologically linked with the cycles of oxygen and hydrogen that form the major compounds of life. |
| nitrogen cycle | a complex biogeochemical cycle responsible for moving important nitrogen components through the biosphere and other Earth systems. This is an extremely important cycle because nitrogen is required by all living things. |
| carrying capacity | the maximum abundance of a population or species that can be maintained by a habitat or ecosystem without degrading the ability of that habitat or ecosystem to maintain that abundance in the future. |
| exponential growth | growth in which the rate of increase is a constant percentage of the current size, the growth occurs at a constant rate. (J-shaped curve) |
| logistic growth curve | the S-shaped growth curve that is generated by the logistic growth equation. in the logistic, a small population grows rapidly, but the growth rate slows down, and the population eventually reaches a constant size. |
| hypothesis | an explanation set forth in a manner that can be tested and disproved. A tested hypothesis is accepted until and unless it has been disproved. |
| scientific method | a set of systematic methods by which scientists investigate natural phenomena, including gathering data, formulating and testing hypotheses, and developing scientific theories and laws. |
Created by:
emulligan
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