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Chapter 3
The Properties of Matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
atom | the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of the element |
atomic theory | states that everything is made of atoms |
matter | everything that has mass and takes up space |
element | the ingredients that make up all the other substances. Can not be broken down into other substances |
metals | good conductors of heat and electricity. Can bend without breaking. Most metals have a gray color. |
nonmetals | do not conduct heat or electricity very well. May be a gas or a solid. |
semi-metals [metalloid] | sometimes like metals sometimes like nonmetals |
compound | a type of matter made of two or more elements |
molecule | smallest particle of a compound that still acts like that compound |
proton | positive charge. Found in the nucleus |
neutron | no charge. Found in the nucleus |
electron | negative charge. Orbits the nucleus. |
solid | a substance that has a definite shape and volume and its particles are very close together and don`t move past each other |
liquid | a substance that has a definite shape but not a definite and particles can move past each other and takes the shape of its container |
gas | a substance that has no definite shape or volume ,particles spread out evenly and take the shape of its container and can be squeezed into smaller volume |
plasma | like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal and occurs with high temps or electric charge |
melting point | when solid to liquid or liquid to solid, but the same temp. as freezing point |
evaporation | when liquids become a gas |
condensation | when a gas becomes a liquid, gas particles touch a cold surface and the temperature drops |