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Exam #2 BIO 265
Blood and the Heart
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aspirin | inhibits production of thromboxane platelets less sticky blood thinner |
| Plavix | blocks ADP receptors platelets less sticky blood thinner |
| Warfarin (Coumadin) | inhibits liver from making clotting factors |
| Heparin | Anticoagulant keeps clotting in check inactivates thrombin |
| Rat Poison | Warfarin blood thinner |
| Streptokinase | clot buster |
| Digoxin | comes from foxgloveflower causes more contraction of the heart inhibits sodium potassium pump |
| Verapamil | slows development of pacemaker potential; calcium channel blockers |
| Causes of jaundice | RBC destruction liver damage blockage of bile duct |
| Angina pectoris | Chest pain from reduced blood supply nitroglycerin |
| Myocardial infarction | thrombus that blocks already narrowed coronary artery |
| Pericarditis | inflammation of pericardial fluid |
| Endocarditis | inflammation of endocardium |
| Extrinsic pathway | thromboplastin (tissue damage) |
| Intrinsic Pathway | collagen (vessel damage |
| T-PA | Tissue Plasminogen Activator; dissolves blood clots |
| layers of heart wall | endo, myo, epi, pari |
| Neutrophils | 1st response to infection; most numerous |
| Eosinophils | Allergies or parasites |
| Basophils | Histamine and heparin, least numerous |
| Lymphocytes | Become T-cells and B-cells; produce antibodies |
| Monocytes | Largest of WBC's, become macrophages |
| Chordae tendinae and papillary muscles | keep valves from opening |
| Angioplasty | Metal stent keeps valve open |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bipass Graft; Treatment for coronary heart disease; improves blood flow to the heart |
| Calcium Channel Blockers | lower calcium, lower contraction of cardiac muscle cells |
| Inotropic | Affecting Contraction of Heart |
| Chronotropic | Affecting Heart Rate |
| Foramen Ovale | Closes at birth; turns into fossa ovalis |
| Conducting system of the heart | SA Node > AV Node > AV Bundle > Bundle Branches > Perkinje Fibers |
| Stroke Volume | Volume of blood pumped in each beat |
| Cardiac Output | Volume of blood pumped in each minute |
| End systolic Volume | high |
| End diastolic volume | low |
| Preload | Stretch of ventricular walls |
| Afterload | Pressure contracting ventricle must produce to overcome pressure in the aorta |
| Starling Law | Greater stretch, greater force of contraction |
| Parasympathetic effect on heart rate | decreases heart rate |
| Sympathetic effect on heart rate | increases heart rate and force of contraction |
| Mean Arterial Pressure Equation | MAP = COxPR, Average BP in Aorta |
| pH effect on heart rate and pH relationship to CO2 | Opposite- decreased pH = increased HR = increased CO2 |
| Chemoreceptors are located where? | carotid and aortic bodies |
| Baroreceptors | Detect changes in BP, their stretch receptors measure changes |
| Heart murmur | abnormal heart sounds; 2 types- faulty valve, stenosed valve |
| Faulty Valve heart murmur | gurgling, swishing regurgitation |
| Stenosed Valve | abornally narrow opening, rushing sounds |
Created by:
kateharw
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