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chapter 13 vocab

TermDefinition
air mass thunderstorms when air rises because of unequal heating of Earth's surface within one air mass
mountain thunderstorms when an air mass rises by orographic lifting which involves air moving up the side of a mountai
sea breeze thunderstorms local air mass thunderstorms that occur because land and water store and release thermal energy differently
frontal thunderstorms produced by advancing cold fronts and more rarely warm fronts.
stepped leader the channel of partially charged air
return stroke when the stepped leader nears the ground, a branched channel of positively charged particles
supercells self sustaining extremely powerful storms
downbursts violent downdrafts that are concentrated in a local area
tornado a violent whirling column of air in contact with the ground
fujita tornado intensity scale ranks tornadoes according to their path of destruction, wind speed, and duration is used to classify tornadoes.
tropical cyclones the formation of large, rotating, low pressure tropical storms
eye once winds reach these speeds another phenomenon occurs the development of a calm center of the storm
eyewall a tall band of strong winds and dense clouds that surrounds the eye.
saffir Simpson hurricane scale classifies hurricanes according to wind speed, potential for flooding in terms of the effect on the height of sea level, and potential for property damage
storm surge occurs when hurricane-force winds drive a mound of ocean water toward coastal areas where it washes over the land
drought extended periods of well below average rainfall
heat waves an unpleasant side effect of droughts
cold wave an extended period of below average temperatures
windchill index the index estimates how cold the air feels to the human body
Created by: Kamishepard_14
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