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Chapter 7 vocab

Biology

TermDefinition
Cell basic units of all organisms; all living things are composed of cells.
Cell Theory the theory that all organisms are composed of one or more cells
Compound Light Microscope instrument that uses light and a series of lenses to magnify objects
Electron Microscope instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures.
Eukaryote unicellular or multicellular organisms.
Nucleus positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charged protons
Organelle membrane bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryote unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, each of which is composed of a prokaryotic cell.
Fluid Mosaic Model structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer.
Phospholipid lipids with an attached phosphate group.
Plasma membrane flexible boundary between the cell and its environment; allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave.
Selective Permeability feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell while keeping others out.
Transport Proteins proteins that span the plasma membrane creating a selectively permeable membrane that regulates which molecules enter and leave a cell.
Cell Wall fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists.
Chlorophyll light absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts chlorophyll containing organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists; capture light and energy.
Chromatin long strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes.
Cilia short,numerous, hairlike projections composed of pairs of microtubules; frequently aid in locomotion.
Cytoplasm clear, gelatinous fluid in cells that is the site of numerous chemical reactions; in eukaryotic cells, it suspends the cells organelles.
Cytoskeleton cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubules and microfilaments.
Endoplasmic Reticulum organelle in eukaryotic cells with a series of highly folded membranes surrounded in cytoplasm.
Flagella long projections composed of microtubules; found on some cell surfaces.
Golgi apparatus organelle in eukaryotic cells with a system of flattened tubular membranes.
Lysosome organelles that contain digestive enzymes; digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
Microfilament thin, solid proteins fibers that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells.
Microtubule thin, hollow cylinders made of protein fibers that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells.
Mitochondria eukaryotic membrane bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules; has a highly folded inner membrane that produces energy storing molecules.
Nucleolus organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces
Plastid group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids, or pigments.
Ribosome nonmembrane bound organelles in the nucleus where proteins are assembled.
Vacuole membrane bound space found in the cytoplasm of cells used for the temporary storage of materials.
Created by: brooket122
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