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Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A model that shows us the flow of energy by animals consuming other animals or things. | food chain |
| Photosynthetic microscopic protists, like algae. | phytoplakton |
| A more complex model that shows the feeding relationships in an ecosystem. | food web |
| Organisms that convert dead matter into detritus which is eaten by detritivores. | decomposers |
| Animal plankton like krill. | zooplankton |
| Small swimming animals that feed on marine algae. | krill |
| Each step in a food chain or food web. | trophic level |
| Graphic that demonstrates how much matter and energy is in each level. | ecological pyramid |
| The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level. | biomass |
| Diagram showing the relative amount of living tissue within a given trophic level. | biomass pyramid |
| Shows the relative number of individual organisms at each trophic level. | numbers pyramid |
| Movement of a chemical through the biological and geological, living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem. | biogeochemical cycles |
| Eating, breathing, eliminating wastes are all the activities that are performed by an organism. | biological processes |
| Volcanic eruptions, rock formation, and reformation of rock. | geological procrsses |
| Formation of clouds, precipitation, water flow, and lighting action. | chemical and physical processes |
| Mining, burning, clearing, farming, and manufacturing. | human activity |
| The sun heats up water and gives water molecules enough energy to escape into the atmosphere. Occurs when water on the surface changes into the atmosphere. | evaporation |
| Occurs when plants release water vapor through leaf pores called stomata. | transpiration |
| Part of a cycle that holds an element or water for a short period of time. | exchange pool |
| Part of a cycle that holds an element or water for a long period of time. | reservior |
| A global cycle that takes place on, above, and below Earth's surface. | water cycle |
| Occurs when ice and snow change directly to water vapor. Happens because of heat from the sun. | sublimation |
| Process in which water vapor changes into tiny droplets of liquid water. | condensation |
| Rain, snow, sleet, hail, or freezing rain. Most of this falls in the ocean. | precipitation |
| Precipitation that falls on land may flow over the surface of the ground, and it may eventually flow into a body of water. | runoff |
| Some precipitation that falls on land may soak into the ground,and may seep out of the ground at a spring or into a body of water. | groundwater |
| Underground layer of rock that stores water, sometimes for thousands of years. | aquifier |
| Chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life. | nutrient |
| Movement of carbon through living systems and the ecosystem. | carbon cycle |
| Movement of nitrogen through living systems and the ecosystem. | nitrogen cycle |
| The process where bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia. | nitrogen fixation |
| The process of the conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas by microorganisms. Returns nitrogen gas back to the atmosphere. | denitrification |
| Movement of phosphorus through living systems and the ecosystem. | phosphorus cycle |
| The rate at which primary producers create organic material. | primary productivity |
| The nutrient whose supply limits the productivity. This happens when water and sunlight are available. | limiting nutrients |
| Removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and uses it to make organic compounds. | photosynthesis |
| Carbon cycle far more slow through geological processes. | sedimentation |
| When plants and other organisms die, decomposers break down their remains, in the process they release nitrogen in the form of ammonium ions. | ammonification |
| Process of converting ammonium ions to nitrites or nitrates. | nitrification |
| Number of individuals in a population. | population size |
| The average number of individuals in a population per unit of area or volume. | population density |
| Describes how the individuals are distributed, or spread out throughout their habitat. Represents the average number of individuals per unit of area or volume. | population distribution |
| Organisms that are clustered together in groups like wolves. | clumped population distribution |
| Organisms that have unpredictable distribution like trees. | random population distribution |
| Organisms that are evenly spaced over the area they occupy like Christmas trees or houses. | uniform population distribution |
| The change in the size of the population over time. | population growth |
| Number of individuals of each sex and age in the population. | age-sex structure |
| An age-sex structure is represented by this. | population pyramid |
| Graphs that represent the number of individuals still alive at each age. | survivor ship curves |
| Low death rate, many individuals live to old age. | type 1 survivor ship curve |
| Moderate death rate, individuals die at all ages. | type 2 survivor ship curve |
| High death rate, many individuals die young, and few live to an old age. | type 3 survivor ship cure |
| How fast a population changes in size over time. | population growth rate |
| People coming into the population from somewhere else. | immigration |
| Leaving the population for another area. | emigration |
| Offspring moving away from their parents. | dispersal |
| Regular movement of individuals or populations each year during certain seasons. | migration |
| Population starts out growing slowly,as population sizes increases, the growth rate increases. | exponential growth |
| Population growth slows and population size levels off. | logistic growth |
| Largest population size that can be supported in an area without harming the environment. | carrying capacity |
| Species that live in stable environments, population growth is controlled bu density-dependent factors, and population size is generally at or near the carrying capacity. | K-selected |
| Species that live in unstable environments, potential population growth is rapid. | R-selected |
Created by:
ErinLynne
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