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Chapter 13
Chapter 13 Principles of Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ecology | study of the interactions among living things, and between living things and their surroundings |
| community | group of different species that live together in 1 area |
| population | group of the same species that lives in 1 area |
| ecosystem | includes all of the orgainisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and otehr nonliving things in an area |
| biome | major regional or global community of organisms, defined by climate and plant communities that live in an area |
| biotic | living things |
| abiotic | factors that are non living things |
| biodiversity | varitey of living things in an ecosystem |
| keystone species | species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem |
| producers | organisms that make their own food |
| autotroph | another name for producers |
| consumers | organisms that get their energy by eating other organisms |
| heterotroph | another name for consumers |
| chemosynthesis | use chemicals as an energy source |
| food chain | shows the feeding relastionships for a singe chain of producers and consumers |
| herbivores | organisms that eat only plants |
| carnivores | organisms that eat only animals |
| omnivores | organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| detritivores | organisms that eat dead plant and animal matter |
| decomposers | detritivores that break dowqn plant and animal matter into simplier compounds |
| specialists | organisms that have a very selective diet, very sensitive to changes in the populations of organisms they eat |
| generalists | eat a variety of different organisms |
| trophic level | level of feeding on a food chain |
| food web | represents the network of feeding relationships and the related flow of energy |
| hydrologic cycle | another name for the water cycle, the circular pathway of water on Earth |
| biogeochemical cycle | movement of a particular chemical through the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem |
| nitrogen fixation | process where types of bacteria can turn nitrogen gas into ammonia |
| energy pyramid | diagram that compares the energy used by producers, primary consumers, and other trophic levels, shows how much energy is available at each level |
| biomass | measure of the total amount or dry mass of organisms in a given area |
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amypritt
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