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fungi (monera)

fungi monera terms and q&a

QuestionAnswer
Antheridium A male reproductive organ found in ascomycota.
Ascogonium The female reproductive organ of ascomycota .
Ascogonius hypha A dikaryotic hypha that grows out of a fertilized ascogonium.
Ascus The reproductive structure of ascomycota in which fusion, meiosis, and spore formation take place.
Basidioma The fruiting body of basidiomycota in which basidia form.
Basidium The club
Binucleate Having two nuclei.
Budding Asexual reproductive process in which a small portion of the cell membrane and cytoplasm receive a nucleus and pinch off from the parent cell.
Cellulose A major component of plant and algal cell walls. Compare with chitin.
Chitin A major component of fungal cell walls that is not found in the cell walls of any other group. Compare with cellulose.
Clamp connection The structure by which basidiomycota cells divide while retaining their binucleate dikaryotic condition.
Conidiophore Structure in which asexually
Dikaryotic Having two distinct sets of genetic information.
Gametangia In zygomycota, the cells which fuse to become the zygote.
Fruiting body A general term for elaborate structures that contain spore
Hypha Individual filaments of fungal cells; compare with mycelium.
Karyogamy The fusion of two nuclei.
Mycelium The usually underground portion of a fungus that is haploid and sprouts from a spore.
Plasmogamy Fusion of the plasma membranes of two cells.
Rhizoid The sub
Sporangiophores Filamentous stalk on which a sporangium forms.
Sporangium Spore producing structure of zygomycota.
Stolon The hyphae that connect groups of rhizoids and sporangiophores, usually above the surface.
Symbiont An organism that lives in close association with another, to the benefit of one or both organisms.
Trichogyne Specialized cell on the end of the ascogonium. During mating, the trichogyne grows to connect the ascogonium to the antheridium.
Zygospore The heavily encasulated structure that forms from the zygote of zygomycota
Zygote The diploid cell that results from the fusion of two gametes or gametangia during fertilization.
In what structures do plasmogamy, karyogamy and spore formation take place in Basidiomycota Plasmogamy takes place between hyphal cells of the mycelium. Karyogamy and spore formation both take place in the basidium.
How do Basidiomycota reproduce asexually Basidiomycota can reproduce asexually by budding of hyphal cells or by production of spores in conidiaphores.
Describe the haploid and diploid phases of Basidiomycota. The mycelia of Basidiomycota are haploid. The fruiting body that results from plasmogamy between two mycelia produces binucleate hyphae, but each nucleus is still haploid. In the basidium, nuclei fuse to for a diploid cell, which enters quickly meiosis to
What characteristic of yeasts makes them identifiable as ascomycota The presence of an ascus in the sexual reproductive cycle of yeasts makes them identifiable as ascomycota.
Describe the haploid and diploid phases of ascomycota. The mycelia of ascomycota are haploid. The hyphae of the fruiting body are also haploid. After plasmogamy, the ascogonium and ascogonious hyphae are binucleate, but still haploid. In the ascus, fusion takes place, making this a diploid cell. After meiosis
In what stuctures do plasmogamy and karyogamy take place in ascomycota Plasmogamy takes place between the ascogonium and antheridium through the trichogyne. Karyogamy takes place in the ascus
In what structures do plasmogamy, karyogamy, and spore formation take place in zygotmycota. Plasmogamy takes place between the gametangia of two hyphae of opposite mating types. Karyogamy also takes place there. Spore formation takes place after germination of the zygospore in the sporangium.
How does the diploid phase of Zygomycota differ from that of other fungi The diploid phase of most fungi takes place in one structure and is relatively brief. The zygomycota diploid phase starts with the formation of a zygote and lasts through the formation of the zygospore until germination takes place.
Name the three basic types of hyphae found in zygomycota. The three basic types of hyphae found in zygomycota are the food adsorbing rhizoids, the sporagium-bearing sporangiophores and the connecting hyphae called stolons.
How are the sexual reproductive cycles of zygomycota and ascomycota similar. Both involve plasmogamy between cells from opposite mating types. However, while in zygomycota, this make take place on normal hyphae, ascomycota have mating- type-specific structures in which plasmogamy takes place.
Created by: vcopeland
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