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Music Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Disjunct motion | Motion of a melody by skips |
| Conjunct motion | Motion of a melody by steps |
| Phrase | Portion of melody with a resting point at the end |
| Motive | Small segment of a melody |
| Interval | Distance between pitches |
| Beat | Underlying pulse of the music |
| Tempo | Speed of the music |
| Meter | The number that determines how many beats there are per measure and of what length |
| Rhythm | The actual value of each notes in succession |
| Harmony | The vertical aspect of music, chord, pitches sounded together |
| Melody | The tune, notes one after another |
| Flat | Lowers the pitch by half a semitone |
| Sharp | Raises the pitch by half a semitone |
| Downbeat | The first beat of the group |
| Monophonic texture | One musical line at a time |
| Polyphonic texture | Multiple independent melodic lines |
| Homophonic | Multiple musical lines moving at the same rhythm |
| Measure | A group of beats marked off by a vertical line |
| Tone color | The different color of different instruments and voices even on the same pitch |
| Dynamics | The volume of the music |
| Octave | 8 notes above the said note so that it is the same letter |
| Consonance | Notes that sound well together |
| Dissonance | Notes that sounds harsh together |
| Fundemental pitch | The sound vibrating at its full length |
| Imitative polyphony | Each voice imitates the previous voice but at different pitches |
| Theme | Reoccuring/main melody |
| Antiphonal | One half of the choir alternates with the other half of the choir similar to question and answer |
| Counterpoint | The musical term for composing simultaneous independent melodies |
| Strophic | All verses are sung to the same music |
| Kyrie | The first part of the Ordinary of the Mass |
| Gloria | The second part of the Ordinary of the Mass |
| Gregorian chant | Latin texts sung in unison by men's or women's voices without accompaniment |
| Liturgy | The complete round of ceremonies and rituals that make up a sacred service |
| Melismatic | Many notes sung each syllable |
| Neumatic | 2-3 notes for a syllable |
| Syllabic | One note for each syllable |
| Organum | One or many voices accompany one voice |
| Proper | Ceremonial music happens only during certain times of year, ie Christmas music |
| Sequences | Extended poems appended to the Alleluia |
| Consort music | English name for ensemble music |
| Point of imitation | When each voice enters using the same motive |
| Cadence | An effective musical close |
| Canon | A continuous imitation |
| Cantus firmus | Preexisting chant or fixed melody in which other voices weave melodies around it |
| Suspension | Note held over a preceding consonance that becomes dissonant with the new harmony |
| Motet | Melody accompanying a chant |
| Basso continuo | Continuous bassline and chords |
| Castrato | Male voice who was castrated before his voice changed |
| Libretto | Text of an opera |
| Recitative | Type of opera |
| Toccata | Instrumental showpiece, most often for keyboard instrument |
| Overtone | Pitch created by the secondary vibrations of a string |
| Partial | A pitch of the harmonic series |
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