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SLS Bio Circulation
SLS Bio-Stephanie Avery Circulation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anterior vena cava | delivers blood from the anterior part of the body(above the heart) into the right atrium |
| antibody | a class of Y shaped protein that is released by a type of white blood cells in presence of foreign antigens. |
| antigen | a substance capable of stimulating a release of antibodies. |
| aorta | largest artery of the body conducts oxygenated blood out of the left atrium. |
| arterial duct | a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the ascending aorta; normally closes at birth |
| atrioventricular valve | large valve made out of connective tissue that allow blood to pass from the atria to the ventricles of the heart. Prevent blood from pouring back into the heart. |
| autonomic nervous system | acts as the control system controls visceral functions.Affects heart rate |
| atrioventricular (AV) nod | One of two pecies of tissue in the heart under ifluce of impulses from the SA node. Generates impulses that travel through a nerval bundle called Purkinji fibers. |
| blood | A type of connective tissue consisting of plasma and formed elements. Transports nutrients and waste, combates infections, clotting and regulated body temp. |
| blood pressure | force blood exerts on blood vessel walls. Varies in arteries. Measured in units called mmHg. |
| blood velocity | Speed of blood through a blood vessel. Highest in the arteries, slowest in capillaries. |
| blood vessel | tubular structures that carries blood. Three types arteries, capillaries and veins |
| capillary-tissue fluid exchange | Fluid exchange of nutrients waste and gases because of osmotic pressure. |
| carotid artery | A branch from the aorta conducting blood to the head. There is a right and left artery. |
| chordae tendineae | small tendons which attach the AV vales to muscular extentions from the inside walls of ventricles. Prevent AV valve flaps inverting during systole. |
| coronary artery | Blood vessels that serve the heart muscle. Artery describer the initial branches of the aorta going directly to the heart muscle. |
| coronary vein | A set of veins that conduct blood from the heart tisssue to the vena cava as it enters the right atrium. |
| diastolic pressure | pressue that blood exerts outwards on the walls of arteries when heart is not contracting. Normal is at about 80mmHg at brachial artery. Pressure decreases as it moves away from the heart. |
| fetal circulation | circulatory pattern of an unborn mammal. During gestation lungs do not function for gas exchange therefor the fetus has to conduct external resperation. |
| heart rate | number of times a heart contracts in one minute. |
| hepatic portal vein | major vein that takes nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine to the liver. Have capillary beds on each end. |
| hepatic vein | major vein that conducts blood from the liver back into the inferior vena cava. On its way is treated removing toxins and damaged blood cells. |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| hypotension | low blood pressure |
| iliac artery/vein | major blood vessles of the legs. The dorsal aorta branches to form the ilias arteries where the ilias veins join together to form the inferior vena cava. The umbilical arteries are branches of the ilias arteries. |
| jugular vein | veins that conduct blood from the head down the neck. Join at the superior vena cva allowing blood to enter the right atrium. |
| left atrium | recieves oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps it into the left ventricle through the AV valve |
| left ventricle | It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium via the mitral valve, and pumps it into the aorta via the aortic valve. |
| lymph capillaries | minute beginnings of lymph ducts that are located in tissue spaces of the body. Absorb fluids that become lymph.Example. Lacteals |
| lymph node | A spot in lymph ducts where two or more ducts join together. Usually house white blood cells. |
| lymphatic system | system made up of all the vessles and nodes that transport and clean lymph. All lymphatic ducts join together to meant the circulatory system. |
| lymphatic veins | Momvemt of lymph is dependent on valves and skelatal muscel activity. Lymph system joins circulatory system at right subclavian vein. |
| mesenteric artery | the blood vessle that conducts blood to the intestines. |
| oval opening | valve allowing blood to flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle of a fetal heart. This bypasses the lungs |
| plasma | fluid portion of blood. mostly water contains globulins, nutrients, wastes, cholesterol, steroid hormones |
| platelets | a type of blood cell formed by the ffragmentation of a megakaryotype. When damages releases thromboplastin an enzyme that begins a cascade of reactions that ends with a formation of a blood clot. |
| posterior vena cava | Major vein that drains blood from the body region posterior to the heart. All venules in llower region of body contribute blood to it which then ends in the right atrium. |
| pulmonary arteries | Conduct blood to the right and left lungs respectively.. Branches of the pulmonary trunk. |
| pulmonary circulation | Portion of circulatory system that relates to the lungs. Begins at right venricle includes pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins. |
| pulmonary trunk | artery that leaves the lefy ventricle. Branches to become the right and left pulmonary arteries |
| pulmonary veins | Conduct oxygenated blood from the lungs and into the left atrium back in the heart. |
| Purkinji fibres | nerve tracts that begin at the AV node in the right atrium, extend down the septum of the heart and out into the massive walls of the ventricles. |
| red blood cells | small cells that are mass produced by the red bone marrow. Bioncave and anucleate, live about 120 days. |
| renal artery | the artery that is a branch from the aorta and conducts blood into the kidney. |
| renal vein | vein that conducts blood out of a kidney and into the posterior vena cava. |
| right atrium | a chamber in the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps it through the AV valve into the right ventricle. |
| right ventricle | Receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium through the AV valve, and pumps it into the pulmonary artery to be caried to the lungs to get oxygen |
| sinoatrial (SA) node | impulse generating tissue located in theright atrium of the heart, generator of sinus rhythm. |
| semi-lunar valve | Either of two valves, one located at the opening of the aorta and the other at the opening of the pulmonary artery, each consisting of three crescent-shaped cusps and serving to prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles. |
| septum | tissue that separates the right side of the heart from the left side of the heart. |
| subclavian artery | arterys in the upper chest, supplies blood to the left and right arm as well as the head. |
| subclavian vein, | Carries Lymph from the phymphatic system .The right lymphatic duct drains its lymph into the junction of the right internal jugular vein, and the right subclavian vein. |
| systemic circulation, | part of the circulatory system that delivers blood to the body cells Starts in the left ventricle and ends at the right atrium |
| systolic pressure | force of blood outwards on the arteries when the ventricles are contracting. |
| total cross-sectional area | Where the osmotic pressure in the capillary beds is equal and the blood is exchange nutrients and taking in waste at the same rate. |
| umbilical artery, | The other two blood vessels in the umbilical cord. They conduct blood to the placenta for waste removal, gaining nutrients and oxygen. |
| umbilical vein | largeset blood vessel in the umbilical cord. Transports blood with oxygen and nutrients towards the fetal heart. |
| valve | structure that controls the movement of fluids along a tube Sphincter muscles are often called valves. |
| venous duct | tube like portion of the umbilical vein that courses through the liver so blood can bypass the functions of the liver. |
| vessel wall | Arteries and veins contain three layers. Veins are stretchy, ateries and thicker and not as strachy, capillaries are one cell thick and very small. |
| white blood cells | type of blood cells that combat infection. There are several types all produced from bone marrow. They are twice the size of red blood cells. |
| vein | Blood vessle that returnes deoxygenated blood to the heart. Veins have valves and are very elastic. |
Created by:
StephanieAvery
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