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Circulatory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| circulatory system purpose | to deliver food and oxygen to the body cells and carry carbon dioxide and other wastes away from the body |
| what do oxygen and food give away | energy |
| what do oxygen and food make | waste products and carbon dioxide |
| organs of the circulatory system | heart, arteries, capillaries, blood, veins |
| systemic circulation | blood travels to all the body cells and back to the heart |
| coronary circulation | blood travels to the lungs and back to the heart |
| artery direction of flow | away from the heart |
| artery thickness of walls | thick walls muscular |
| artery valves | none |
| artery pressure | high; blood moves rapidly |
| artery function | carries fresh blood to the body cells |
| vein direction of flow | toward the heart |
| vein thickness of walls | thin walls |
| vein valves | has valves |
| vein pressure | lower; blood moves slowly |
| vein function | carries blood containing wastes away from cells |
| capillary direction of flow | from small arteries to small veins |
| capillary thickness of walls | very thin |
| capillary valves | none |
| capillary pressure | no pressure |
| capillary function | connects arteries to veins; exchanges materials between blood and body cells |
| heart | pump to the system |
| veins | bring blood to the heart |
| arteries | bring blood away from the heart |
| capilliaries | small blood vessels that exchange oxygen in the blood to carbon dioxide |
| red blood cells | carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to the lungs |
| white blood cells | destroy bacteria which invades the body |
| platelets | aid blood clotting |
| plasma | liquid part of the blood |
| how is the heartbeat sound made | when the valves shut |
| atria | upper chambers of the heart |
| ventricle | lower chambers of the heart |
| what do valves do | stop blood from flowing backwards |
| oxygen-poor blood returns where | to the hearts right atrium |
| thick elastic walls allow large arteries to do what | change shape due to blood pressure |
| high blood pressrue | when blood pressure is abnormally high |
| heart attack | lack of oxygen to the brain due to blocked arteries |
| atherosclerosis | the buildup of plague in your arteries |
| hemophilia | when platelets aren't present in the blood |
| heart failure | when your body needs more blood than your heart can pump |
| leukemia | a cancer that gives you a larger amount of white blood cells which interfere with the making of other blood cells |
| arrhythmia | causes your heart to beat very fast or very slow |
| systolic presure | the highest amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts |
| diastolic pressure | the minimum amount of pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes |
| diffusion | the process in which molecules spread from areas of high contraction to areas of low contactions |
| hemoglobin | the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs |
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