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Biology 101 Exam 1

CH 3 4 of 4

TermDefinition
What makes fats good for energy storage? The ratio of energy storing C-H bonds in fats is more than twice that of carbo's, making fats much more efficient molecules for storing chemical energy.On average, fats yield about 9Kcal of chemical energy per gram,compared with about 4kcal for carbo's.
What is a carbohydrate? An organic compound consisting of a chain or ring of carbon atoms to which hydrogen and oxygen atoms are attached in a ration of approximately 2:1; having the generalized formula (CH20), carbohydrates include sugars, starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
What is starch? A storage polysaccharide, consists entirely of
Describe the structural carbohydrates chitin. A substituted version of glucose. It forms a tough, resistant surface material that serves as the hard exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans. Few organisms are able to digest it, but most possess a chitinase enzyme probably to protect against fungi.
Describe the structural carbohydrate cellulose αβ Is a polymer of β-glucose. Is the chief component of plant cell was and is chemically similar to amylose but can not be chemically broken down by most creatures.
Three different types of carbohydrates: 1 Monosaccharieds : Simple sugars contain as few as three carbon atoms, but those that play a central role in energy storage have six.
Three different types of carbohydrates: 2 Disaccharides serve as effective reservoirs of glucose because the enzymes that normally use glucose in the organism cannot break the bond linking the two monosaccharide subunits. Sucrose and lactose is a result of disaccharide bonding.
Three different types of carbohydrates: 3 Polysaccharides Are longer polymer made up of monosaccharides that have been joined through dehydration reactions.
Created by: usn3gen
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