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Chapter 7 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cells | Basic unit of all organisms |
| Compound Light Microscope | Instrument that uses light and a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps |
| Cell Theory | The theory that 1)all organisms are composed of one or more cells, 2)the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms, 3) all cells come from preexisting cells |
| Electron Microscope | A microscope with high magnification and resolution, employing electron beams in place of light and using electron lenses. |
| Organelle | Any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell. |
| Prokaryote | A microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. |
| Nucleus | The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |
| Plasma Membrane | A microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm. |
| Selective Permeability | A semipermeable membrane, also termed a selectively permeable membrane, a partially permeable membrane or a differentially permeable membrane, is a membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion |
| Phospholipid | A lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule |
| Fluid Mosaic Model | Structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer |
| Transport Protein | A transport protein is a protein which serves the function of moving other materials within an organism. |
| Cell Wall | Fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists. |
| Chlorophyll | Light absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis. |
| Chloroplast | Chlorophyll-containing organelles found in cells of green plants and some protists. |
| Chromatin | Long strands of DNA found in Eukaryotic cell nucleus. |
| Cilia | Short, numerous, hairlike projections composed of pairs of microtubles; frequently aid in locomotion |
| Cytoplasm | Clear, gelatinous fluid in cells that is the site of numerous chemical reactions |
| Cytoskeleton | Cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubles and microfilaments |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Organelle in Eukaryotic cells with a series of highly folded membranes surrounded in cytoplasm |
| Flagella | Long projections composed of microtubules |
| Golgi Apparatus | Organelle in eukaryotic cells with a system of flattened tubular membranes |
| Lysosome | an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |
| Microfilament | A small rodlike structure, about 4–7 nanometers in diameter, present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. |
| Microtubule | Thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provides structural support for eukaryotic cells |
| Mitochondria | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae). |
| Nucleolus | Organelle in eukarytoic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes |
| Plastid | any of a class of small organelles, such as chloroplasts, in the cytoplasm of plant cells, containing pigment or food. |
| Ribosome | minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins. |
| Vacuole | a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid. |
Created by:
oholmes04
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