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Biology 101 Exam 1
CH 3 1 of 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is the defining characteristic of a biological molecule? | The framework of biological molecules consists predominantly of carbon atoms bonded to other carbon atoms or to atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, or hydrogen. |
| What are functional groups? | Molecules can be thought of as a C-H core to which specific molecular groups. They have definite chemical properties that they retain no matter where they occur. |
| What are macromolecules? | large complex molecule, such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, with relatively large molecular weight. |
| Explain dehydration synthesis. | A chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules. |
| Explain hydrolysis. | A hydrogen atom is attached to one subunit and a hydroxyl group to the other, breaking a specific covalent bond in the macromolecules. |
| What do proteins do? | A chain of amino acids joined by peptide bond. |
| What are amino acids? | The subunit structure from which proteins are produced, consisting a central carbon atom with a carboxyl group (-COOH), an amino group (-NH2), a hydrogen, and a side group (R group); only the side group differs from the __________ to another. |
| What are chaperone proteins? | A class of enzymes that help proteins fold into the correct configuration and can refold proteins that have been misfolded or denatured. |
| What’s a peptide bond? | The covalent bond joining amino acids, particularly at the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the other amino acid, with the concomitant release of a molecule of water |
Created by:
usn3gen
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