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chapter 11

evolution of population

TermDefinition
gene pool made up of all alleles of all of the individuals in a population
allele frequency measure of how common an allele is in a population
normal distribution the frequency is highest for the middle, or mean phenotype, and lowest at the two ends, or extreme phenotype
mircoevolution the observable change in the allele frequencies of a population over time
directional selection selection that favors a phenotype at one end, or extreme, of a range
stabilizing selection selection that favors the middle, or intermediate, phenotype
disruptive selection selection that favors both extreme phenotypes
gene flow movement of alleles from one population to another
genetic drift change in allele frequencies that are due to chance
bottleneck effect genetic drift that occurs after a poplution has been greatly reduced in size
founder effect genetic drift that occurs after a small number of individuals begin to live in a new area
sexual selection occurs when a trait increases mating success and gets passed on to the next generation
Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium model that can be used to study how population is changing
reproduction isolation when members of different population can no longer mate successfully
speciation the process of one species becoming two or more seperate species
behavioral isolation isolation caused by differences in courtchip and mating behaviors
geographic isolation when a river or mountain divides a population into two or more groups
temporal isolation when timing prevents reproduction between populations
convergent evolution unrelatated species evolve similar characteristics
divergent evolution closely related species evolve in different directions, and become increasingly different
coevolution the process on which two or more species evolve in response to changes in each other
extinction the permanent lodd of species from Earth
punctuated equilibrium describes this pattern: long periods of little change
adaptive radiation the rapid evolution of many diverse species from ancestral species
primates the group of animals that includes monkeys, apes, and humans
rodents the group of animals that includes mice, rats, and squirrels
Created by: ewaddell25
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