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Evolution
Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Evolution | Change over time |
| Natural Selection | Individual that have certain inherited traits end to survive and reproduce at higher rates because of those traits |
| Population | individual who lives in a specific area |
| Gradualism | slow and steady change of species over time |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | periods of rapid change in a species seperated by periods of little or no change |
| Fossil Record | shows organisms that lived million years ago |
| Intermediate forms | fossil that shows traits from two different groups |
| Vestigial structure | structure that is reduced in size and function |
| Homologous structure | same structure in different species often used for different purposes |
| Divergence | accumulation of differences between groups |
| Speciation | Process of one species splitting into two or more different species |
| Subspecies | over time populations of the same species that differ genetically because of adaptions to different living conditions |
| Ring Species | Connected series of neighboring populations, each of which can interbred with related species |
| Antibiotic Resistance | with the extension use of antibodies, we have inadvertent created strains of bacteria that are very difficult |
| Adaption | inherited characteristics that allow an organism to be more successful at survival and reproduce in a specific environment |
| Variations in DNA causing an adaption to a gene are caused by ... | mutation |
| Over time these have become less effective as the bacteria became resistance due to natural selection | Antibiotics |
| This is what fossils are called that bridge the gap between major groups | Intermediate forms |
| Not a form of evidence | Gradualism |
| The number of ... differ between humans and gorillas suggesting that we share some homologous characteristics and may have evolved similarly. | genes |
| What is the age of the Earth? | 4.5 billion years |
| Radiometric dating | dating through the examination of radioactive isotopes |
| Half-life | time it takes for half the isotope to decay in a sample |
| What was the first living thing on earth? | prokaryotes |
| Organelles believed to be symbiotic eubacteria | mitochondria chloroplast |
| The concept of endosymbiosis is supported by 4 pieces... | a. Size and structure of both organelles is very similar to prokaryotes b. Both have a ring of DNA that is similar to prokaryotes c. Ribosomes of these two organelles are similar to prokaryotes d. Reproduce in a different manner and independently of th |
| multicellular organisms first appeared on earth how long ago? | 700 mya |
| Organisms are members of what groups? | protist |
| Geologic timeline is divided by... | a. mass extinction b. new species appearing c. climate change d. geologic events |
| do scientist use missing link | no because it implies that there is only species between two major groups where there is a thousands |
| 3 organisms that show clear intermediate forms | Fish and amphibians, reptile and birds, reptile and mammals |
| Whale structure that once lived on land | Hip bone |
| What was Darwins main contribution? | Mechanism for evolution or How it can work |
| The giraffe theory | Jean Baptist Lamarck |
| 3 geologist | Curvier, Lyell, Hutton |
| Lamarck's impact on Darwin | Environment is involved in change over time |
| What was the purpose of the Beagle? | Map the coast of South America |
| What island was important? | Galapagos islands |
| The idea that all of Darwins finch species come from one ancestral species is referred as ..... | Decent with modification |
| How does natural selection define the overall success of a species? | Reproductive success |
| Two examples of species that have changed over time | Whale, Horse |
| What was the name of Darwins book in 1859? | On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural selection |
| Pubic respond to Darwins book? | scientist loved it but the church did not |
| 3 parts of Darwins hypothesis | a. variation exists within every population b. those better suited to survive in a given environment will have more surviving offspring c. the traits of those survivors will become more common in the population |
| 3 parts to fossils | a. hard parts must be covered quickly b. remain undisturbed for thousands of years c. must be exposed again for us to find |
| What amount of fossils ever lived on earth | tiny fraction |
| location to likely produce future fossils | a. Near coastline b. Wet lowlands c. Slow moving streams d. Volcano |
| What's better in evolutionary relationships, structure or function? | structure |
| Some very different organisms having similar structures | Master gene |
| 3 structures common to early development | tail, limb buds, pharyngeal pouches |
| 4 factors in natural selection about populations | 1.) Variation exists with all populations 2.) Environment presents challenges to reproduction 3.) More offspring are created then can survive 4.) Individual better able to cope will have more offspring survive to reproduce themselves. |
Created by:
Jtrain1733
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