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Biology II Exam 1

TermDefinition
Genetic Variation differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or DNA segments.
Population Genetics study of how populations change genetically over time
Relative Fitness the contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation, relative to the contributions of other individuals in the population.
Adaptive Radiation period of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill vacant ecological roles in their communities.
Sexual Selection a form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Homology similarity in characteristics that result from common ancestry.
Convergent Evolution the evolution of similar features in independent evolutionary lineages.
Vestigial Structures remnants of features that served important functions in the organism's ancestors.
Biogeography the study of past and present geographic distributions of organisms.
Continental Drift the slow movement of the continental plates.
Endemic referring to a species that is confined to a specific, relatively small geographic region.
Intrasexual competition within the same sex
intersexual individuals of one sex are choosy in selection mates.
Genetic Drift a process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next.
Gene Flow the transfer of alleles from one population to another, resulting from the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes.
Biodiversity the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or for the entire Earth.
Phylogenetic to show how species are related to each other
Ring species single species encompasses a lot of phenotypes.
Prezygotic Barriers prevents mating or fertilization
Postzygotic Barriers prevents the development of fertile adults.
Speciation an emergence of new species
Allopatric occurring in separate, non-overlapping geographical areas.
Sympatric occurring within the same geographical area, overlapping in distribution
James Hutton "Father of geology"
Jean Baptiste De Lamarck French biologist: use and disuse; inheritance of acquired characteristics
Thomas Malthus Explained population limits
George Cuvier Developed paleontology and advocated catastrophism
Charles Lyell Leading geologist of Darwin's time; proposed uniformitanism.
Created by: Chanell712
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