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Mr. Belyea
Astronomy Lesson 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| elliptical | oval shaped, like a flattened circle |
| model | a representation of how something looks or works |
| what circles around the Earth | the moon |
| what circles around the Sun | the Earth |
| what did they first call objects in the sky that move through the stars | wanderers |
| greek word meaning to wander | planet |
| how many planets travel in an elliptical | nine |
| what shape path do the nine planets travel around the sun | elliptical, oval shape |
| what is the sun | a star at the center of the group of nine planets |
| what makes up the solar system | the sun, the planets and their moons, and other objects that revolve around the sun |
| what did early solar system models show | that earth was the center of everything that exists |
| modern solar system model shows | the planets traveling in an elliptical path around the sun, kelpers model |
| how do astronomers measure distance in the solar system | Astronomical Units, AUs |
| What is average distance from Sun to Earth | one AU |
| one AU | 150000000 kilometers |
| what hold planets in their orbit | gravity |
| who said planets are held in place by gravity | Sir Isaac Newton |
| why do planets look brighter than stars | because they are closer to Earth than any star except the sun |
| how does the Sun glow | from its own heat |
| how do planets glow or shine | by reflecting light from the sun |
| Asteroid | a rocky object that revolves around the sun |
| meteoroid | a small piece of rock or metal that travels in space around the sun,passes through the atmosphere and burns the trail of light is called a meteor |
| meteor | a bright streak of light that passes through Earth's atmosphere |
| which object is closest to the Earth | the moon |
| the moons diameter | about a quarter of the earths diameter |
| the moon is almost as big as | mercury |
| the moon is bigger than | pluto |
| which is the smallest planet | pluto |
| how does the moon shine | reflecting light from the sun |
| why does the moon seem to change shape | depends on how much of the lighted side is facing Earth |
| what other objects orbit the sun | asteroids and meteoroids |
| what is an asteroid like | a small planet |
| how large can an asteroid be | as large as some moons |
| where do some asteroids orbit the sun | in the asteroid belt |
| where is the asteroid belt located | between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter |
| how small are the smallest meteoroids | the size of a grain of sand |
| how large can a meteoroid be | as large as a football field |
| how do meteoroids form | when asteroids collide or comets break up |
| where can a meteoroid pass through | pass through the Earths atmosphere |
| why does the meteoroid rock burn | friction from the air particles rubbing against its surface make it so hot that the rock burns |
| what is the streak of light caused by burning rock called | a meteor, shooting star |
| comet | a ball of ice, dust and gases that revolves around the sun in a long, narrow path |
| why can a comet be seen | because of gas and dust particles in it reflect light from the sun |
| meteorite | a piece of a meteoroid that lands on Earth after passing through the atmosphere |
| why is the sun important | it provides the heat and light that is needed for all life on Earth |
| what would Earth be like without energy from the sun | a big ball of ice |
| what is the sun made of | a glowing ball of hot gas |
| why does the sun seem bigger and hotter than other stars | because it is closer to Earth |
| what is a large piece of metal or rock that lands on the Earths surface called | a meteorite |
| why would an object pass through the Earth atmosphere and not burn up | if it is too large |
| where do most meteorites come from | the asteroid belt, a few have come from the moon or mars |
| what forms in the earths surface when a large meteorite hits | a huge crater |
| how often do large meteorites hit the Earths making a crater in the surface | every million years |
| how else do the moon and the sun affect the Earth | by causing the rise and fall of the tides |
| what does the moons gravity do | pull the ocean water towards the moon, the water piles up in a bulge on the side of Earth facing the moon |
| where does the water bulge on Earth | on the side facing the moon and the opposite side of the earth |
| what causes the water bulge on Earth | the way forces pull on the water as the moon and Earth move through space |
| where is low tide | the area between the two bulges |
| what causes very high tides | when sun and moon are lined up with the earth their pulls combine |
| what cause very low tides | when they pull at right angels, tidal bulges are flatter |
| describe the sun | hot ball of glowing gas, closest to the Earth than any other star, several billion years old, not the hottest or the brightest |
Created by:
mloft
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