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Biology 101 Exam 1

CH 2.4 & 2.5 Water, 2.6 Acids and Bases

TermDefinition
Describe the chemical composition of water. A simple molecular structure, consisting of an oxygen atom bound to two hydrogen atoms by two single covalent bonds.
Contrast cohesion and adhesion. Cohesion is the attraction of water molecules to one another. Adhesion is the attraction to other hydrogen substance that not itself. For example: getting "wet".
What is surface tension? A tautness of the surface of a liquid, caused by the cohesion of the molecules of liquid.
Describe the chemical features of water. Act as a solid (ice), liquid and gas.
Explain the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Hydrophilic are substances that are soluble in water and Hydrophobic are substances that are not soluble in water.
What does pH mean? The hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. pH, (partial hydrogen), as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution.
Explain acids Any substance that dissociates in water to increase the [H+] (and lower the pH). Champagne bubbles because carbonic acid dissolved in it.
Capillary action? Causes the water within a narrow tube to rise above the surrounding water level.
Explain bases A substance that combines with H+ when dissolved in water, and thus lowers the [H+]. Bleach and ammonia accomplish their actions because of a high pH.
Explain buffers is a substance that resists changes in pH.
Buffers act by releasing hydrogen ions when? A base is added.
Buffers act by absorbing hydrogen ions when? acid is added.
Created by: usn3gen
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