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The History of Ocean
The History of Oceanography
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fish nets were in use as early as the time of the: | Egyptians |
| The first recorded voyage by sea occurred around: | 3200 B.C. |
| The _____________ are known to have a navy, circumnavigate Africa, and traveled to British Islands. | Phoenicians |
| The Polynesians are thought to have navigated across the Pacific using: | a star compass. changes in wave patterns. observations of cloud formations. their sense of smell. |
| The circumference of the world was first accurately calculated by | Eratosthenes |
| The _______ were highly accomplished seamen who engaged in extensive exploration, trade, and colonization in the North Atlantic from about 793 to 1066. | Vikings |
| Chinese exploration of the Pacific and Indian Oceans ended in 1433, beginning a 400-year period of isolation, because: | they believed that other societies had little to offer them. |
| The individual most responsible for the great age of European discovery beginning early in the 15th century was: | Prince Henry the Navigator. |
| Christopher Columbus believed he had reached islands off the coast of Asia when he arrived in the New World because: | his estimate of the Earth's circumference was much too small. |
| The explorer who tried to find a northwest passage across the Canadian Arctic was: | Sir Martin Frobisher. Henry Hudson. William Baffin. |
| The first European to sight the Pacific Ocean was: | Vasco Nunez de Balboa. |
| The first world atlas was produced by: | Ptolemy |
| The first chronometer accurate at sea was made by: | John Harrison. |
| The individual credited with charting the Pacific Ocean is: | James Cook. |
| The easiest way to map the Gulf Stream is by: | water temperature |
| We remember the work of Charles Darwin in oceanography primarily because of his study of: | coral reefs. |
| The Challenger expedition was charged with investigating: | the chemistry of sea water. marine biology. water depths. water currents |
| Satellites can be used to measure: | biological productivity. sea surface temperature. wave height. sea surface elevation. |
| The drilling ship of the Ocean Drilling Program is the: | JOIDES Resolution. |
| In 1899 John Joly suggested that the oceans were between 90 and 100 million years old based on the mass of salt in the ocean. This was a major underestimate because of all of the following EXCEPT | He did not account for salt being recycled |
| The primary value of the Challenger Expedition to the study of Oceanography was: | The finding that life within the ocean exists at all depths. Confirmation that the main dissolved elements in sea water are in constant proportion. Depth soundings that enable more complete maps of ocean depth. Sea water samples of temperature and water m |
| Oceanography is considered an interdisciplinary science because: | to understand oceanography requires understanding of complex interactions among the biological, chemical, physical, geological, and atmospheric elements of the ocean realm. |
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