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Biology 101 Exam 1

CH 2.1 The Nature of Atoms

TermDefinition
Describe matter Any substance in the universe that has mass and occupies space. All _____ is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
Describe Mass Refers to the amount of a substance.
Describe weight Refers to the force gravity exerts on a substance.
Describe the parts of an atom. An orbiting cloud of tiny subatomic particles called electrons whizzing around a core. At the center of each atom is a small, very dense nucleus formed of two other kinds of subatomic particle: protons and neutrons.
What are orbitals? Is defined as the area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found. They represent probability distributions for electrons. No orbital can contain more than two electrons.
Spherical (s orbitals) Electrons orbitals near the nucleus.
Dumbbell-shaped (p-orbitals) Orbitals that are Dumbbell-shaped.
What is potential energy? Energy that is not being used, but could be; energy in a potentially usable form; often called "energy of position."
Describe oxidation Loss of an electron by an atom or molecule; in metabolism, often associated with a gain of oxygen or a loss of hydrogen.
Describe reduction. The gain of an electron by an atom, often with an associated proton.
Created by: usn3gen
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