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Chapter 15 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Weather | short-term patterns of temperature and moisture that result from circulation |
| Climate | long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation |
| Aerosols | minute particles and liquid droplets |
| Troposphere | layer of air immediately adjacent to the earth's surface |
| Convection currents | warmed air that circulates in great vertical and horizontal patterns |
| Convection currents | rising or sinking air currents that stir atmosphere and transport heat from one area to another |
| Stratosphere | zone in atmosphere extending from tropopause (~50km) above earth's surface, has very little water vapor but is rich in ozone |
| Ozone | highly reactive molecule containing 3 oxygen atoms, dangerous in ambient air |
| Ozone | in stratosphere, this forms ultraviolet absorbing shield that protects us from radiation |
| Albedo | reflectivity |
| Positive feedback loop | situation in which factor or condition causes changes that further enhance that factor or condition |
| Greenhouse effect | process in which gases in the atmosphere are transparent to visible light, and absorb infrared(heat) waves that are re-radiated from earth's surface |
| Greenhouse gases | general term for gases that are effective at capturing long-wavelength energy from earth's surface |
| Latent heat | amount of stored energy that cannot be sensed normally |
| Coriolis effect | influence of friction and drag on air layers near the earth, deflects air currents to direction of earth's rotation |
| Jet streams | powerful winds or currents of air that circulate in shifting flows, hurricane force winds that circle earth |
| Monsoons | regular seasonal rains |
| Cold front | moving boundary of cooler air displacing warmer air |
| Warm front | advancing air mass is warmer than surrounding air |
| Warm front | long wedge-shaped boundary caused by when a warmer advancing air mass slides over neighboring cooler air parcels |
| Hurricanes | large cyclonic oceanic storms with heavy rain and winds exceeding 119km/hr |
| Tornadoes | swirling funnel clouds that form over land |
| Milankovitch cycles | periodic variations in tilt, eccentricity, and wobble in the earth's orbit |
| El Nino | climatic change marked by the shifting of large warm pool from the western Pacific Ocean toward the east, wind direction and precipitation patterns are changed over much of Pacific and maybe world |
| La Nina | large scale oscillation in the Pacific in which the trade winds hold warm surface waters in the western part of the basin and cause upwelling in of cold,nutrient rich deep water in eastern part of ocean |
| Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) | international organization formed to assess global climate change and its impacts |
| Kyoto Protocol | international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions |
| Carbon neutral | system or process that doesn't release more carbon to the atmosphere than it consumes |
Created by:
David55900
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